Table 1.
Performance of vLBW and NBW piglets in the spatial cognitive holeboard task during habituation (Hab), and during the acquisition (Acq), transition (Trans), and reversal (Rev) phase.
| Holeboard habituation | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth weight | Trials | Birth weight × Trials | ||||||||
| Measure | Phase | F | df | P≤ | F | Df | P≤ | F | df | P≤ |
| Total number of visits (TV) | Hab | 0.42 | 1,88 | 0.5201 | 1.60 | 5,88 | 0.1680 | 0.48 | 5,88 | 0.7915 |
| Number of rewards found (REW) | Hab | 0.07 | 1,88 | 0.7860 | 2.04 | 5,88 | 0.0810 | 0.47 | 5,88 | 07955 |
| Holeboard acquisition (Acq), transition (Trans), reversal (Rev) | ||||||||||
| Birth weight | Trial blocks | Birth weight × Trial blocks | ||||||||
| Measure | Phase | F | df | P≤ | F | Df | P≤ | F | df | P≤ |
| Working memory (WM) | Acq | 0.02 | 1,178 | 0.8845 | 6.94 | 10,178 | <0.0001 | 1.83 | 10,178 | 0.0589 |
| Trans | 31.91 | 1,25 | <0.0001 | 44.15 | 1,25 | <0.0001 | 2.61 | 1,25 | 0.1190 | |
| Rev | 0.80 | 1,76 | 0.3746 | 2.37 | 4,76 | <0.0001 | 2.37 | 4,76 | 0.0596 | |
| Reference memory (RM) | Acq | 25.11 | 1,178 | <0.0001 | 41.26 | 10,178 | <0.0001 | 5.02 | 10,178 | <0.0001 |
| Trans | 11.06 | 1,25 | 0.0027 | 130.35 | 1,25 | <0.0001 | 8.92 | 1,25 | 0.0062 | |
| Rev | 18.54 | 1,76 | <0.0001 | 50.47 | 4,76 | <0.0001 | 6.67 | 4,76 | 0.0001 | |
| Trial duration (TD) | Acq | 0.33 | 1,178 | 0.5649 | 10.79 | 10,178 | <0.0001 | 1.89 | 10,178 | 0.0485 |
| Trans | 1.44 | 1,25 | 0.2419 | 114.69 | 1,25 | <0.0001 | 0.00 | 1,25 | 0.9894 | |
| Rev | 0.37 | 1,76 | 0.5464 | 26.68 | 4,76 | <0.0001 | 0.27 | 4,76 | 0.8945 | |
| Latency first visit (LFV) | Acq | 2.56 | 1,178 | 0.1114 | 1.74 | 10,178 | 0.0756 | 0.63 | 10,178 | 0.7858 |
| Trans | 0.40 | 1,25 | 0.5319 | 0.03 | 1,25 | 0.8576 | 0.00 | 1,25 | 0.9876 | |
| Rev | 1.96 | 1,76 | 0.1654 | 1.65 | 4,76 | 0.1702 | 0.73 | 4,76 | 0.5716 | |
| Inter-visit-interval (IVI) | Acq | 1.90 | 1,178 | 0.1696 | 2.96 | 10,178 | 0.0018 | 0.86 | 10,178 | 0.5687 |
| Trans | 0.01 | 1,25 | 0.9172 | 7.96 | 1,25 | 0.0092 | 0.35 | 1,25 | 0.5579 | |
| Rev | 0.23 | 1,76 | 0.6324 | 3.20 | 4,76 | 0.0174 | 0.15 | 4,76 | 0.9638 | |
| Total number of visits (TV) | Acq | 14.36 | 1,178 | 0.0002 | 21.78 | 10,178 | <0.0001 | 1.40 | 10,178 | 0.1818 |
| Trans | 9.89 | 1,25 | 0.0043 | 113.18 | 1,25 | <0.0001 | 0.98 | 1,25 | 0.3314 | |
| Rev | 9.06 | 1,76 | 0.0035 | 24.60 | 4,76 | <0.0001 | 0.89 | 4,76 | 0.4747 | |
| Unrewarded visits (URV) | Acq | 17.97 | 1,178 | <0.0001 | 24.64 | 10,178 | <0.0001 | 1.29 | 10,178 | 0.2411 |
| Trans | 8.52 | 1,25 | 0.0073 | 131.10 | 1,25 | <0.0001 | 0.45 | 1,25 | 0.5068 | |
| Rev | 11.24 | 1,76 | 0.0012 | 29.36 | 4,76 | <0.0001 | 0.82 | 4,76 | 0.5150 | |
| Rewarded visits (RV) | Acq | 0.85 | 1,178 | 0.3578 | 6.27 | 10,178 | <0.0001 | 1.81 | 10,178 | 0.0613 |
| Trans | 12.25 | 1,25 | 0.0018 | 17.19 | 1,25 | 0.0003 | 3.70 | 1,25 | 0.0657 | |
| Rev | 1.24 | 1,76 | 0.2686 | 6.67 | 4,76 | 0.0001 | 2.16 | 4,76 | 0.0811 | |
| Visits before 1st reward (Vfirst)* | Acq | 2.74 | 1,178 | 0.0996 | 5.24 | 10,178 | <0.0001 | 0.98 | 10,178 | 0.4617 |
| Trans | 0.10 | 1,25 | 0.7555 | 35.26 | 1,25 | <0.0001 | 0.77 | 1,25 | 0.3873 | |
| Rev | 3.71 | 1,76 | 0.0579 | 5.73 | 4,76 | 0.0004 | 1.44 | 4,76 | 0.2286 | |
| Visits before 2nd reward (Vsecond)* | Acq | 8.24 | 1,178 | 0.0046 | 12.62 | 10,178 | <0.0001 | 1.81 | 10,178 | 0.0621 |
| Trans | 0.06 | 1,25 | 0.8072 | 61.75 | 1,25 | <0.0001 | 0.67 | 1,25 | 0.4203 | |
| Rev | 2.27 | 1,76 | 0.1360 | 16.24 | 4,76 | <0.0001 | 1.79 | 4,76 | 0.1400 | |
| Visits before 3rd reward (Vthird)* | Acq | 21.12 | 1,178 | <0.0001 | 19.63 | 10,178 | <0.0001 | 1.40 | 10,178 | 0.1822 |
| Trans | 1.68 | 1,25 | 0.2062 | 85.36 | 1,25 | <0.0001 | 0.19 | 1,25 | 0.6701 | |
| Rev | 18.78 | 1,76 | <0.0001 | 23.61 | 4,76 | <0.0001 | 1.03 | 4,76 | 0.3963 | |
| Visits before 4th reward (Vfourth)* | Acq | 10.16 | 1,178 | 0.0017 | 23.65 | 10,178 | <0.0001 | 1.22 | 10,178 | 0.2827 |
| Trans | 3.40 | 1,24 | 0.0776 | 86.08 | 1,24 | <0.0001 | 0.03 | 1,24 | 0.8634 | |
| Rev | 7.17 | 1,73 | 0.0092 | 19.36 | 4,73 | <0.0001 | 0.27 | 4,73 | 0.8969 | |
*For further information about the operational definitions of these variables, see Gieling et al. (2014).