Table 1.
Characteristics of Fresh IVF Cycles With and Without ICSI by Male Factor Infertility Diagnosis, 2008-2012
| Characteristics | Male Factor Infertility, No. (%) | Non-Male Factor Infertility, No. (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conventional IVF (n = 12 648) | ICSI (n = 164 263) | Conventional IVF (n = 112 877) | ICSI (n = 205 119) | |
| Female patient age, y | ||||
| <30 | 1432 (11.3) | 25 116 (15.3)a | 11 658 (10.3) | 19 170 (9.4)a |
| 30-34 | 3644 (29.8) | 54 455 (33.2) | 31 923 (28.3) | 52 372 (25.5) |
| 35-39 | 4554 (36.0) | 55 589 (33.8) | 39 016 (34.6) | 68 988 (33.6) |
| ≥40 | 3018 (23.9) | 29 103 (17.7) | 30 280 (26.8) | 64 589 (31.5) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 5800 (45.9) | 79 142 (48.2)a | 48 165 (42.7) | 90 757 (44.3)a |
| Non-Hispanic black | 489 (3.9) | 6902 (4.2) | 5202 (4.6) | 9662 (4.7) |
| Hispanic | 796 (6.3) | 9975 (6.1) | 5341 (4.7) | 12 661 (6.2) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 1100 (8.9) | 12 719 (7.7) | 8746 (7.8) | 18 353 (9.0) |
| Other | 20 (0.2) | 224 (0.1) | 176 (0.2) | 373 (0.2) |
| Missing | 4413 (34.9) | 55 301 (33.7) | 45 247 (40.1) | 73 313 (35.7) |
| Infertility diagnosis | ||||
| Tubal factor | 1731 (13.7) | 14 239 (8.7)a | 24 700 (21.9) | 33 998 (16.6)a |
| Endometriosis | 1164 (9.2) | 13 335 (7.5)a | 13 884 (12.3) | 23 744 (11.6)a |
| Uterine factor | 636 (5.0) | 6426 (3.9)a | 5819 (5.2) | 10 650 (5.2) |
| Ovulatory disorder | 1822 (14.4) | 19 820 (12.1) | 17 273 (15.3) | 28 321 (13.8)a |
| Diminished ovarian reserve | 2945 (23.3) | 32 981 (20.1)a | 30 570 (27.1) | 70 680 (34.5)a |
| Unexplained | 0 | 0 | 25 253 (22.4) | 38 820 (18.9)a |
| Other | 1074 (8.5) | 13 371 (7.5)a | 15 783 (14.0) | 39 497 (19.3)a |
| No. of prior live births | ||||
| 0 | 9007 (71.6) | 121 049 (74.0)a | 77 326 (68.8) | 143 533 (70.5)a |
| 1 | 2747 (21.8) | 33 363 (20.4) | 25 501 (22.7) | 42 171 (20.7) |
| ≥2 | 827 (6.6) | 9142 (5.6) | 9571 (8.5) | 18 029 (8.9) |
| No. of prior spontaneous abortions | ||||
| 0 | 8490 (67.7) | 121 786 (74.6)a | 71 580 (63.8) | 132 756 (65.3)a |
| 1 | 2720 (21.7) | 29 151 (17.9) | 24 230 (21.6) | 42 391 (20.9) |
| ≥2 | 1336 (10.7) | 12 265 (7.5) | 16 472 (14.7) | 28 085 (13.8) |
| No. of prior ART cycles | ||||
| 0 | 7210 (57.0) | 89 783 (54.7)a | 66 891 (59.3) | 109 477 (53.4)a |
| 1 | 2447 (19.4) | 32 998 (20.1) | 20 922 (18.5) | 40 546 (19.8) |
| ≥2 | 2984 (23.6) | 41 448 (25.2) | 25 022 (22.2) | 55 017 (26.8) |
| Oocyte/embryo source | ||||
| Nondonor | 11 737 (92.8) | 155 777 (94.8)a | 102 156 (90.5) | 176 795 (86.2)a |
| Donor | 911 (7.2) | 8486 (5.2) | 10 721 (9.5) | 28 324 (13.8) |
| Sperm donor usedb | ||||
| Yes | 2089 (16.6) | 6898 (4.2)a | 5191 (4.6) | 10 986 (5.4)a |
| No | 10 535 (83.5) | 157 330 (95.8) | 107 630 (95.4) | 194 038 (94.6) |
| No. of oocytes retrieved | ||||
| 0-4 | 1823 (14.6) | 16755 (10.3)a | 13 711(12.3) | 29 233 (14.4)a |
| 5-9 | 3308 (26.4) | 42 870 (26.2) | 30 530 (27.4) | 53 358 (25.9) |
| 10-20 | 5559 (44.4) | 77 200 (47.3) | 50 153 (44.9) | 86 853 (42.9) |
| ≥21 | 1826 (14.6) | 26 535 (16.2) | 17 200 (15.4) | 33 964(16.8) |
| No. of embryos transferred | ||||
| 0-1 | 1629 (14.9) | 21 544 (14.0)a | 16 353 (15.7) | 30 998 (16.5)a |
| 2 | 6066 (55.5) | 87 545 (56.9) | 57 138 (55.0) | 99 253 (52.7) |
| 3 | 2192 (20.1) | 31 732 (20.6) | 20 387 (19.6) | 38 306 (20.4) |
| ≥4 | 1047 (9.6) | 13 170 (8.6) | 10 021 (9.6) | 19 682 (10.5) |
| Missingc | 1714 | 10 272 | 8978 | 16 880 |
| Embryo stage | ||||
| Day 3 | 5902 (54.0) | 76 110 (49.4)a | 55 466 (53.4) | 88 525 (47.0)a |
| Day 5 | 4029 (36.9) | 62 768 (40.8) | 40 001 (38.5) | 80 808 (42.9) |
| Other | 1002 (9.2) | 15 090 (9.8) | 8425 (8.1) | 18 874 (10.0) |
| Missingc | 1715 | 10 295 | 8985 | 16 912 |
| No. of embryos cryopreserved | ||||
| 0 | 7981 (63.1) | 95 579 (59.4)a | 67 363 (59.7) | 121 045 (59.0)a |
| 1-2 | 1744 (13.8) | 25 792 (15.7) | 16 614 (14.7) | 30 602 (14.9) |
| ≥3 | 2923 (23.1) | 40 892 (24.9) | 28 900 (25.6) | 53 472 (26.1) |
| Assisted hatching usedd | ||||
| Yes | 3306 (30.2) | 61 552 (40.0)a | 32 721 (31.5) | 86 039 (45.7)a |
| No | 7627 (69.8) | 92 416 (60.0) | 71 178 (68.5) | 102 200 (54.3) |
| Missingc | 1714 | 10 272 | 8978 | 16 880 |
| Preimplantation genetic testing performed | ||||
| Yes | 269 (2.2) | 5022 (3.1) | 3235 (2.9) | 15 958 (7.9)a |
| No | 12 150 (97.8) | 157 758 (96.9) | 108 375 (97.1) | 186 261 (92.1) |
Abbreviations: ART, assisted reproductive technology; ICSI, intracytoplasmic sperm injection; IVF, in vitro fertilization.
a
P<.05 by χ2 test. P values are adjusted for the 2O characteristics assessed in the stratum using Bonferroni correction.
b
Sperm donor includes cycles using only donor sperm or mixed patient and donor sperm.
c
Missing percentages greater than 8% due to cycles that were canceled between retrieval and transfer and therefore did not report this information.
d
Assisted hatching defined as the purposeful disruption of an embryo's zona pellucida by laser, mechanical, or chemical means.