(a) Relationship between body mass and flight metabolic rate (FlightMR) in 15 orchid bee species. Values are means (±s.e.) and colours represent the four genera sampled (blue, Euglossa; red, Eufriesea; green, Eulaema; orange, Exaerete). (b) Trait values were mapped on the phylogeny using colour coding such that low values are represented by cold colours and high values by warm colours. Grouping of traits associated with the phylogeny, where closely related species share similar values, was found for both body mass and FlightMR (see §3 for phylogenetic signal results). (c) Relationship between phylogenetically independent contrasts for body mass and FlightMR. (d) Distribution of correlation coefficients from independent contrasts analyses performed with 2041 trees and testing for different tree topologies and branch lengths (see §2). All correlations were higher than the critical r-values for significance at the p = 0.05 level (two-tailed; r = 0.532; d.f. = 12).