Figure 1.

Cyprinidae dentition diversity. Phylogeny of several species of Cyprinidae based on cytb, coi and rag1 markers. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using RaxML, with a GTR + G + I partitioned model, with 1000 bootstraps (values indicated for each branch). For each species, the fifth ceratobranchial bearing pharyngeal teeth is pictured and the number of teeth on the ventral row is indicated. Species with six teeth on the ventral row are red. Red dots indicate the events of tooth gain on the ventral row, based on parsimonious hypotheses. The orientation of the ceratobranchial arch is indicated at the bottom of the tree. Colour code: grey, four teeth; blue, five teeth; red, six teeth in the ventral part of the fifth ceratobranchial arch.