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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Cell Physiol. 2015 Jun;230(6):1189–1198. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24814

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) mRNA expression in fetal ASM. Cells were treated with vehicle or calcitriol, then TNF-α. (A) MMP-9, (B) MMP-2, (C) TIMP-1 and (D) TIMP-2 mRNA levels were measured by real time PCR. Calcitriol blunted cytokine-induced increase in MMP-9 mRNA but did not substantially influence MMP-2. Conversely, calcitriol increased TIMP-1 mRNA in the presence of TNFα. However, note that the dotted lines represent 2-fold change used to assess potential functional importance, and changes in TIMP-1 value were below this line. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n=4 samples, p<0.05. * indicates significant difference from vehicle control; $ indicates significant difference from TNFα.