Table 4.
Changes in erythrocyte membrane fatty acids content.
| Cholecalciferol with Olive Oil | Cholecalciferol with Omega-3 FA | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 12 Weeks | Baseline | 12 Weeks | |
| Saturated | 47.0 ± 8.6 | 40.4 ± 0.5 | 45.1 ± 9.8 | 41.4 ± 1.2 |
| Myristic | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.1 * | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 |
| Palmitic | 25.9 ± 4.4 | 21.9 ± 0.5 * | 25.4 ± 5.1 | 23.1 ± 1.4 |
| Stearic | 20.0 ± 4.2 | 17.7 ± 0.6 | 18.8 ± 4.7 | 17.4 ± 0.6 |
| Lignoceric | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.1 * | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.2 |
| Monounsaturated | 17.8 ± 1.9 | 16.1 ± 0.9 * | 17.5 ± 1.5 | 15.9 ± 1.0 * |
| Palmitoleic | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.2 |
| Oleic | 16.0 ± 1.6 | 14.6 ± 0.8 | 15.8 ± 1.5 | 14.5 ± 1.0 * |
| Polyunsaturated | 34.0 ± 10.3 | 42.5 ± 0.7 | 36.2 ± 11.1 | 41.7 ± 1.5 |
| Omega-6 | 23.3 ± 5.0 | 28.2 ± 2.8 | 25.8 ± 7.0 | 24.6 ± 2.3 |
| Linoleic | 9.5 ± 1.3 | 9.2 ± 1.5 | 10.0 ± 2.1 | 9.3 ± 1.4 |
| AA | 10.0 ± 4.0 | 14.1 ± 1.2 * | 11.2 ± 4.6 | 11.3 ± 1.8 |
| Omega-3 | 10.8 ± 5.7 | 14.3 ± 2.3 | 10.4 ± 4.5 | 17.1 ± 2.7 * |
| Alpha-linolenic | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.2 ± 0.1 * | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 |
| EPA | 1.6 ± 0.9 | 2.0 ± 0.9 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 3.9 ± 1.4 * |
| DHA | 6.9 ± 3.9 | 9.2 ± 1.5 | 6.6 ± 2.9 | 9.3 ± 1.2 * |
| Omega-3 index | 8.4 ± 4.7 | 11.2 ± 2.1 | 7.8 ± 3.4 | 13.2 ± 2.2 * |
| AA/EPA | 8.2 ± 4.6 | 8.9 ± 6.3 | 9.2 ± 3.6 | 3.5 ± 2.3 * |
| Omega-6/Omega-3 | 2.7 ± 1.3 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 2.8 ± 1.1 | 1.5 ± 0.4 * |
| Total trans-fatty acid | 0.93 ± 0.24 | 0.91 ± 0.12 | 0.91 ± 0.24 | 0.86 ± 0.14 |
| Trans-palmitoleic acid | 0.18 ± 0.06 | 0.16 ± 0.06 | 0.22 ± 0.03 | 0.16 ± 0.05 * |
| Trans-oleic acid | 0.62 ± 0.18 | 0.53 ± 0.14 | 0.57 ± 0.17 | 0.54 ± 0.12 |
| Trans-linoleic acid | 0.31 ± 0.11 | 0.38 ± 0.17 | 0.34 ± 0.10 | 0.32 ± 0.08 |
| 18:2 n6tt | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.10 ± 0.09 | 0.07 ± 0.06 | 0.05 ± 0.03 |
| 18:2 n6ct | 0.10 ± 0.04 | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.03 | 0.13 ± 0.06 |
| 18:2 n6tc | 0.15 ± 0.07 | 0.16 ± 0.08 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | 0.14 ± 0.04 |
Data are expressed as the means ± SD. The nonparametric Wilcoxon exact rank sum test was used to compare baseline data with 12-week data. * p-value <0.05 (mean values are significantly different from baseline). Abbreviations: AA, arachidonic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid.