Table 6.
Predictors | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | ||
Age | ||
26–35 years vs. 18–25years | 1.304 (0.798, 2.131) | 1.309 (0.785, 2.184) |
Education level | ||
Secondary education vs. Basic education | --- | 1.077 (0.566, 2.046) |
Cognition knowledge of smoking-related hazards | ||
Smoking causes serious harm to one’s health | ||
Right vs. Wrong | 0.580 (0.322, 1.046) | 0.580 (0.321, 1.048) |
Smoking causes harm to my health | ||
Right vs. Wrong | 0.582 (0.353, 0.960) * | 0.579 (0.350, 0.958) * |
Smoking cause lung disease | ||
Right vs. Wrong | 0.570 (0.227, 1.428) | 0.563 (0.223, 1.421) |
Smoking cause oral cancer | ||
Right vs. Wrong | 1.178 (0.725, 1.916) | 1.172 (0.716, 1.917) |
Smoking cause heart diseases | ||
Right vs. Wrong | 1.262 (0.734, 2.169) | 1.261 (0.732, 2.173) |
Smoking cause stroke | ||
Right vs. Wrong | 0.569 (0.292, 1.106) | 0.566 (0.290, 1.105) |
Smoking cause Impotence | ||
Right vs. Wrong | 1.817 (1.033, 3.196) * | 1.812 (1.029, 3.191) * |
Exposure to second-smoke cause Lung cancer in non-smokers | ||
Right vs. Wrong | 1.355 (0.779, 2.358) | 1.358 (0.780, 2.362) |
Exposure to second-smoke cause Lung disease in children | ||
Right vs. Wrong | 0.863 (0.479, 1.556) | 0.860 (0.477, 1.552) |
Exposure to second-smoke cause Heart disease | ||
Right vs. Wrong | 0.704 (0.404, 1.226) | 0.707 (0.405, 1.235) |
Birth of low-weight babies when the pregnant mother has been exposed to cigarette smoking | ||
Right vs. Wrong | 1.393 (0.838, 2.318) | 1.388 (0.833, 2.313) |
Smoking-related attitude | ||
The people around me (including family members, friends, and colleagues) believe that I should not smoke | ||
Disagree vs. Agree | 0.567 (0.356, 0.904) * | 0.568 (0.356, 0.905) * |
Whether to support the provisions that establishment smoking bans in public places/workplace | ||
Disagree vs. Agree | 0.924 (0.442, 1.933) | 0.923 (0.441, 1.933) |
Exposure to smoke from another person’s cigarette causes harm to my health | ||
Disagree vs. Agree | 0.824 (0.500, 1.358) | 0.825 (0.500, 1.360) |
Quitting smoking would improve my health | ||
Disagree vs. Agree | 0.609 (0.372, 0.997) * | 0.610 (0.372, 1.000) |
Smoking-related behavior | ||
The amount of smoking compared with the past 1 month | ||
Smoke Same vs. Smoke Less | 0.195 (0.085, 0.446) * | 0.194 (0.085, 0.444) * |
The people around me persuade me to quit smoking | ||
No vs. Yes | 0.483 (0.313, 0.744) * | 0.482 (0.312, 0.743) * |
Notes: (1) * There was statistically significant (p < 0.05); (2) Crude OR was unadjusted for education level; (3) Adjusted OR was adjusted for education level and all the variables in the table; (4) Abbreviation: CI: confidence intervals, OR: odds ratio.