Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
| Characteristic | Group
|
Statistical Value* | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LBP (n = 15) | PDs (n = 15) | |||
| Sex (female, male)# | 9, 6 | 9, 6 | Χ2 = 0.0 | 1.0 |
| Age (years) | 23.5 ± 3.1 | 22.7 ± 1.6 | t = −1.0 | 0.3 |
| Height (cm) | 169.5 ± 7.7 | 172.8 ± 6.9 | t = 1.2 | 0.2 |
| Weight (kg) | 68.3 ± 12.7 | 71.5 ± 10.4 | t = 0.7 | 0.5 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.7 ± 3.2 | 23.8 ± 1.8 | t = 0.2 | 0.9 |
| Baecke Questionnaire of Habitual Physical Activity (3–15)20 | 8.6 ± 1.2 | 8.6 ± 1.4 | t = 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire (0–100%)13 | 11.1 ± 9.1 | NA** | NA** | NA** |
| Current low back pain intensity (Visual analog scale; 0–100 mm) | 8.3 ± 9.3 | NA** | NA** | NA** |
| Time since first low back pain episode (years) | 7.7 ± 4.0 | NA** | NA** | NA** |
| Number of LBP flare-ups15, 16 in the 12 months prior to participation | 5.8 ± 3.8 | NA** | NA** | NA** |
| Average symptoms over the 7 days prior to participation (Numeric rating scale; 0–10)14 | 2.7 ± 1.3 | NA** | NA** | NA** |
| Worst symptoms over the 7 days prior to participation (Numeric rating scale; 0–10)14 | 6.3 ± 1.8 | NA** | NA** | NA** |
*
Chi-square test was used to test for differences in proportions of gender between groups. An independent t-test was used to test for differences for all other variables.
#
Sex is number of females and males in each group; all other values are the mean ± standard deviation
**
PDs do not have a history of LBP.
13
Fritz and Irrgang, 2001.
14
Downie, 1978.
15
Von Korff, 1994.
16
McGorry et al., 2000
20
Baecke et al., 1982.
LBP, low back pain; PDs, pain developers; NA, not applicable.