Table 2.
Maternal diet composition
| A | Dietary composition (g%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal diet | |||||||
| Protein | 20.1 | ||||||
| Carbohydrate | 53.8 | ||||||
| Fat * | 6 | ||||||
| Other‡ | 20.1 | ||||||
| Total | 100 | ||||||
| Calories from Fat (%) | 12.6 | ||||||
| B | Fatty acid abundance (mol%) | ||||||
| Maternal diets | RD | SFA | ALA | DHA | EPA | ||
| Saturated fatty acids | |||||||
| 14:00 | Myrsitic acid | 0.18 | 8.11 | 0.1 | 0.27 | 0 | |
| 16:00 | Palmitic acid | 11.78 | 14.8 | 4.17 | 6.86 | 5.49 | |
| 18:00 | Stearic acid | 4.1 | 12.03 | 7.7 | 2.3 | 1.82 | |
| Total SFAs | 16.07 | 34.93 | 11.97 | 9.42 | 7.31 | ||
| Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) | |||||||
| 16:1ω-7 | Palmitoleic acid | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.13 | |
| 18:1ω-9 | Oleic acid | 24.97 | 18.34 | 16.52 | 13.45 | 10.53 | |
| Total MUFA | 25.19 | 18.59 | 16.62 | 13.75 | 10.66 | ||
| Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) | |||||||
| 18:2ω-6 | Linoleic | 52.09 | 41.06 | 16.64 | 25.74 | 20.21 | |
| 18:3ω-6 | Gamma linolenic acid | 0.29 | 0.22 | 0.26 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20:4ω-6 | Arachidonic acid | 0.47 | 0.36 | 0.15 | 0.31 | 0.21 | |
| Total ω-6 PUFA | 52.85 | 41.64 | 17.05 | 26.05 | 20.42 | ||
| 18:3ω-3 | Alpha linolenic acid | 5.42 | 3.91 | 54.04 | 2.25 | 1.84 | |
| 20:5ω-3 | Eicosapentenoic acid | 0.22 | 0.39 | 0.14 | 0.32 | 59.43 | |
| 22:6ω-3 | Docosahexenoic acid | 0.25 | 0.54 | 0.19 | 48.2 | 0.33 | |
| Total ω-3 PUFA | 5.89 | 4.84 | 54.36 | 50.78 | 61.61 | ||
| Total PUFA | 58.74 | 46.48 | 71.41 | 76.82 | 82.03 | ||
| ω3/ω6 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 3.19 | 1.95 | 3.02 | ||
*Fat in maternal diet was Soybean Oil for RD, Coconut oil for SFA and Coconut oil (4.8%) and ALA, DHA or EPA (1.8%) for the diets under those names.
‡Fat free chow diet contained fiber, ash, aminoacides, minerals and vitamins added.
A - All diets fed to dams during pre-conception, pregnancy and lactation were prepared by mixing 94 g% fat-free chow diet with 6 g% different fats/oils: RD-soybean, SFA-coconut oil, ALA-ALA + coconut, DHA-DHA + coconut, EPA-EPA + coconut. Fat-free chow diet contained fiber, ash, aminoacides, minerals and vitamins.
B - Dietary Fatty acid composition: Fatty acid composition of the five diets provided to the dams in the present model RD, SFA, ALA, DHA and EPA provided to the mothers before and during pregnancy and lactation. The lower row presents the ratio between ω-3 and ω -6 fatty acids in each diet. The ω -3/ ω -6 ratio in each diet is indicated in bold.