Table 1.
Sample information, sequence abundance and microbial diversity in the naturally fermented cow’s milks
| Sample | Sampling location | Number of reads | Number of OTU | Shannon index | Simpson index | Chao1 index | Observed species | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bacteria | Fungi | Bacteria | Fungi | Bacteria | Fungi | Bacteria | Fungi | Bacteria | Fungi | Bacteria | Fungi | ||
| E12 | Kalmykia | 14533 | 8631 | 68 | 21 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 93.1 | 23.8 | 68.0 | 21.0 |
| F10 | Kalmykia | 12367 | 10087 | 211 | 18 | 3.9 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 329.0 | 20.9 | 210.6 | 18.0 |
| F2 | Kalmykia | 15173 | 8265 | 168 | 50 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 228.8 | 98.3 | 167.8 | 49.8 |
| F3 | Kalmykia | 12249 | 10296 | 126 | 31 | 2.4 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 193.0 | 38.4 | 125.8 | 30.9 |
| F4 | Kalmykia | 13465 | 5854 | 55 | 53 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 72.2 | 69.5 | 54.9 | 52.9 |
| F6 | Kalmykia | 18820 | 8596 | 29 | 52 | 0.5 | 2.8 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 68.0 | 61.2 | 29.0 | 51.9 |
| F9 | Kalmykia | 14361 | 3639 | 104 | 56 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 141.0 | 76.1 | 103.9 | 55.8 |
| F11 | Kalmykia | 12640 | N.F. | 131 | N.F. | 2.7 | N.F. | 0.7 | N.F. | 181.9 | N.F. | 130.9 | N.F. |
| Ra17 | Kalmykia | 12215 | 5545 | 51 | 21 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 66.0 | 25.2 | 51.0 | 21.0 |
| Mean (Kalmykia samples) | 13980.3 ± 2123.5 | 6768.1 ± 3362.4 | 104.8 ± 60.1 | 33.6 ± 19.9 | 2.1 ± 1.0* | 1.5 ± 1.2 | 0.5 ± 0.3* | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 152.6 ± 89.6* | 45.9 ± 31.9 | 104.7 ± 60.0* | 33.5 ± 19.9 | |
| D8 | Chita | 13743 | 5956 | 67 | 17 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 84.4 | 19.2 | 66.9 | 17.0 |
| D9 | Chita | 13379 | 6426 | 87 | 19 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 112.1 | 54.5 | 86.9 | 19.0 |
| D12 | Chita | 13449 | N.F. | 38 | N.F. | 0.2 | N.F. | 0.0 | N.F. | 50.9 | N.F. | 38.0 | N.F. |
| E1 | Chita | 14114 | 3886 | 44 | 14 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 96.5 | 28.0 | 44.0 | 13.9 |
| E2 | Chita | 12510 | 6020 | 28 | 25 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 63.5 | 32.4 | 28.0 | 25.0 |
| E3 | Chita | 9929 | 8736 | 57 | 33 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 80.9 | 84.8 | 57.0 | 33.0 |
| E4 | Chita | 17494 | 9768 | 64 | 36 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 77.1 | 40.8 | 63.9 | 36.0 |
| E5 | Chita | 17059 | 1240 | 54 | 37 | 2.1 | 3.4 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 84.2 | 48.0 | 53.9 | 36.8 |
| ELS10 | Chita | 16157 | 9999 | 56 | 34 | 1.2 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 68.2 | 72.4 | 56.0 | 33.9 |
| ELS20 | Chita | 7721 | 556 | 41 | 22 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 61.9 | 36.4 | 41.0 | 21.2 |
| Mean (Chita samples) | 13555.5 ± 3041.0 | 5258.7 ± 3728.7 | 53.6 ± 16.9 | 23.7 ± 11.8 | 1.1 ± 0.7* | 1.3 ± 1.0 | 0.3 ± 0.2* | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 78.0 ± 17.9* | 41.7 ± 24.8 | 53.6 ± 16.9* | 23.6 ± 11.8 | |
‘N.F.’ denotes for ‘not found’. *:p < 0.05 (by Mann-Whitney test) was considered significantly different between the two sample groups.