Table 2.

Characteristics of the study population by case and control status.

Variables	Controls	Cases	P *
Number of subjects	782	698
Age (years)	60.0 ± 19.2	58.8 ± 14.6	<0.001
Male	412 (52.2%)	334 (44.8%)	0.068
DM	83 (10.6%)	263 (37.7%)	<0.001
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	1.0 ± 0.3	11.2 ± 2.5	<0.001
Serum albumin (g/dL)	4.4 ± 0.2	3.9 ± 0.5	<0.001
PPAR-γ Pro12Ala genotype			0.037
CC	735 (94.0%)	635 (91.1%)
CG	46 (5.9%)	58 (8.2%)
GG	1 (0.1%)	5 (0.7%)
PPAR-γ C161T genotype			0.482
CC	451 (57.7%)	384 (55.0%)
CT	283 (36.2%)	263 (37.7%)
TT	48 (6.1%)	51 (7.3%)
Death	39 (5.0%)	217 (31.1%)	<0.001

  ^*Continuous variables were tested by Mann-Whitney U tests, whereas categorical variables were tested by Fisher's exact test.