Figure 4.

Soluble Adhesion molecules in serum as markers of systemic and vascular inflammation: correlation with high dose IL-2 immunotherapy and other inflammatory diseases. Increased levels of soluble adhesion molecules (sICAM, sVCAM, sV-Selectin, sTNFRI) and metalloproteinases (MMP2, MMP9) have been described in a variety of inflammatory diseases and believed to act as markers of endothelial cell (EC) activation. Potential explanation for IL-2 effects and toxicity in relation to the effects noted in the reported inflammatory diseases, are listed on the right of this panel.