Table 2.
Major classes of concomitant medical/psychiatric conditions at baseline associated with worse sleep quality
| Disease class, n (%) | PSQI ≤5 on enrollment (n=513) | PSQI >5 on enrollment (n=581) |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline history of | n (%) | n (%) |
| Cardiovascular disease (all) | 380 (74) | 439 (76) (NS) |
| High blood pressure | 279 (54) | 299 (51) (NS) |
| Coronary artery disease | 89 (17) | 114 (20) (NS) |
| Angina/heart attack | 97 (19) | 170 (29)* |
| Murmur | 35 (7) | 49 (8) (NS) |
| Palpitations, irregular heartbeat | 87 (17) | 98 (17) (NS) |
| Valve disease | 21 (4) | 33 (6) (NS) |
| Congestive heart failure | 37 (7) | 69 (12)+ |
| Blood clots | 39 (8) | 46 (8) (NS) |
| Poor circulation (claudication) | 49 (10) | 90 (15)+ |
| Other cardiovascular | 40 (8) | 46 (8) (NS) |
| GI disease (all) | 324 (63) | 397 (68) (NS) |
| Neurologic disease (all) | 117 (23) | 172 (30)# |
| Musculoskeletal disease (all) | 354 (69) | 462 (80)* |
| Psychiatric disease | ||
| Depression | 99 (19) | 187 (32)* |
| Anxiety | 127 (25) | 254 (44)* |
| Other | 15 (3) | 37 (6)+ |
Notes: Number and proportion of participants with certain major disease classes in good and poor sleepers. Disease categories not associated with differences in sleep quality included cardiovascular and GI disease. Neurologic disease included stroke, headaches, seizure, and other. Musculoskeletal disease included rheumatoid arthritis, gout, osteoporosis, fractures, joint pain, and osteoarthritis. Although for the overall category “cardiovascular disease”, the difference in incidence between good and poor sleepers was NS, certain subcategories of cardiovascular disease showed great proportions among poor sleepers. The table shows all of the cardiovascular disease categories.
P<0.05
P<0.01
P<0.0001.
Abbreviations: GI, gastrointestinal; NS, not statistically significant; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.