Figure 5.

Inflammatory response induced by SiNPs in HUVECs.

Notes: *P<0.05 versus control. Data presented as means ± SD, n=3. After exposure of HUVECs for 24 hours, SiNPs upregulated the endothelial gene expressions of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα, and adhesion molecules, such as ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1, as recorded by quantitative real-time PCR.

Abbreviations: SiNPs, silica nanoparticles; HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; SD, standard deviation; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid.