Table 5. Students' perceived stigma based on perceived benefits and barriers.
| Stigma-related attitudes | Number of perceived benefits | Number of perceived barriers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | F | P | M (SD) | F | p | |
| I feel that individuals who go to counseling for mental health problems are mentally weak | ||||||
| Low | 1.79 (0.798) | 15.573 | <.001 | 1.73 (0.784) | 5.724 | .017 |
| High | 1.56 (0.738) | 1.59 (0.756) | ||||
| I feel that individuals who go to counseling for mental health problems are crazy | ||||||
| Low | 1.58 (0.727) | 10.595 | .001 | 1.57 (0.722) | 11.683 | .001 |
| High | 1.41 (0.641) | 1.40 (0.636) | ||||
| I feel that individuals with mental health problems should handle problems on their own without the help of counselors | ||||||
| Low | 1.73 (0.797) | 6.199 | .013 | 1.75 (0.831) | 11.708 | .001 |
| High | 1.58 (0.773) | 1.54 (0.730) | ||||
| I feel that individuals who go to counseling for mental health problems are not able to solve problems | ||||||
| Low | 1.82 (0.799) | 11.227 | .001 | 1.80 (0.795) | 9.202 | .003 |
| High | 1.62 (0.754) | 1.62 (0.756) | ||||
| I feel that individuals who go to counseling for mental health problems are lazy | ||||||
| Low | 1.56 (0.715) | 15.441 | <.001 | 1.54 (0.741) | 14.457 | <.001 |
| High | 1.35 (0.615) | 1.35 (0.574) | ||||
| I feel that individuals who go to counseling are different from normal people in a negative way | ||||||
| Low | 1.65 (0.749) | 15.992 | <.001 | 1.66 (0.785) | 23.675 | <.001 |
| High | 1.43 (0.678) | 1.35 (0.574) | ||||
Note: n = 698; Means based on a 5-point Likert-type scale (1 = strongly disagree and 5 = strongly agree); number of perceived benefits dichotomized into high (11–14 perceived benefits) and low (0–10 perceived benefits) based on the median split; number of perceived barriers dichotomized into high (9–14 perceived barriers) and low (0–8 perceived barriers) based on the median split; and missing values are excluded.