Table 4.
Univariate and multivariable logistic regression on the maternal characteristics associated with HIV infection, Brazil, 2011-2012
| Maternal characteristics | Prevalence of HIV infection (%) | 95% CI | Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis 1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR 2 | 95% CI 3 | p | OR 2 | 95% CI 3 | p | |||
| Region of residence | ||||||||
| Southeast | 0.34 | 0.24-0.50 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| North | 0.44 | 0.18-1.09 | 1.30 | 0.49-3.47 | 1.11 | 0.43-2.90 | ||
| Northeast | 0.29 | 0.15-0.57 | 0.82 | 0.38-1.75 | 0.70 | 0.31-1.58 | ||
| South | 0.87 | 0.64-1.18 | 2.51 | 1.55-4.09 | 0.001 | 2.95 | 1.78-4.91 | <0.001 |
| Midwest | 0.31 | 0.13-0.77 | 0.91 | 0.34-2.43 | 0.92 | 0.34-2.46 | ||
| Maternal age | ||||||||
| 12 to 19 years | 0.14 | 0.07-0.28 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 20 to 34 years | 0.44 | 0.34-0.58 | 3.04 | 1.47-6.30 | 0.004 | 4.45 | 2.08-9.51 | <0.001 |
| 35 and over | 0.60 | 0.35-1.04 | 4.17 | 1.75-9.98 | 6.33 | 2.54-15.80 | ||
| Schooling level (years) | ||||||||
| 11 or more | 0.24 | 0.16-0.35 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 8 to 10 | 0.48 | 0.27-0.86 | 2.12 | 1.03-4.33 | 2.03 | 0.97-4.26 | ||
| 0 to 7 | 0.63 | 0.46-0.87 | 2.78 | 1.62-4.78 | 0.001 | 2.26 | 1.28-3.98 | 0.014 |
| Skin color 4 | ||||||||
| White | 0.32 | 0.23-0.46 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Mixed | 0.35 | 0.25-0.48 | 1.08 | 0.67-1.74 | 1.09 | 0.67-1.79 | ||
| Black | 1.09 | 0.65-1.82 | 3.38 | 1.78-6.39 | <0.001 | 2.89 | 1.57-5.31 | 0.001 |
| Conjugal situation | ||||||||
| With partner | 0.35 | 0.26-0.47 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Without partner | 0.63 | 0.44-0.90 | 1.83 | 1.18-2.86 | 0.008 | 1.87 | 1.21-2.87 | 0.005 |
| Syphilis infection 5 | ||||||||
| No | 0.38 | 0.29-0.48 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 2.86 | 1.20-6.70 | 7.92 | 3.05-20.58 | <0.001 | 4.75 | 2.01-11.21 | <0.001 |
| Type of delivery service 6 | ||||||||
| Private | 0.10 | 0.04-0.22 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Mixed | 0.33 | 0.22-0.50 | 3.40 | 1.38-8.38 | 2.11 | 0.83-5.34 | ||
| Public | 0.58 | 0.43-0.79 | 5.94 | 2.53-13.96 | <0.001 | 4.08 | 1.65-10.08 | 0.003 |
1All the analyses were adjusted for the following variables: region of residence, age, schooling level, skin color, conjugal situation, syphilis infection and type of delivery care service (public, mixed or private).
2OR = odds ratio; 3CI = confidence interval; 4Pregnant women with East Asian or indigenous skin color were excluded from this analysis.
5Women who presented with one of the following criteria were considered to present syphilis infection: record of a reactive serological test for syphilis on the prenatal card or the hospital medical files; record of a diagnosis of syphilis on the prenatal card or the hospital medical files; or a case of congenital syphilis as an outcome from the present pregnancy.
6Type of delivery service: public = deliveries only with public funding; private = deliveries only with private funding; mixed = deliveries with either public or private funding.