Fig. 1. Effect of GSNO treatment on pathological tau phosphorylation in primary cultured neurons treated with Aβ_25–35.

A. The primary cultured cortical neurons were pretreated with 100µM of GSNO for 4 hrs and treated with Aβ_25–35 (40µM) for 12 hrs and neuronal levels of phosphorylated tau (Ser³⁹⁶, Ser⁴⁰⁴, and Ser²⁰²/Thr²⁰⁵), total tau, and β-actin (loading control) were analyzed by Western blot analysis. B. The effects of GSNO metabolites and other S-nitrosothiol donor on Aβ_25–35-induced tau phosphorylation (Ser³⁹⁶), cultured neurons were pretreated with GSNO, aged or decomposed GSNO (agGSNO), sodium nitrate (NaNO₃), sodium nitrite (NaNO₂), or S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) for 4hrs and treated with Aβ_25–35 (40µM).