Table 1.
Circulatory and fecal miRNAs as potential diagnostic markers for Colorectal Cancer (CRC).
| miRNA | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | Sample Size, n | Endogenous Controls | Findings | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Circulatory miRNAs | ||||||
| miR-92a | CRC: 89 | CRC: 70 | 140 (90 CRC, 50 control) | RNU6B | Upregulated in CRC Plasma | [36] |
| miR-92a | CRC: 84, AA: 64.9 | CRC: 71.2, AA: 81.4 | 196 (100 CRC, 37 advanced adenomas, 59 control) | miR-16 | Upregulated in CRC Plasma | [37] |
| miR-92a | N/A | N/A | 316 (193 CRC) | RNU44 | No reliable association with CRC found | [38] |
| miR-21 | CRC: 90 | CRC: 90 | 50 (30 training set, 20 plasma set) | U6 | Upregulated in CRC Plasma | [43] |
| miR-21 | N/A | N/A | 316 (193 CRC) | RNU44 | Significantly upregulated in CRC | [38] |
| miR-21 | N/A | N/A | 20 (5 control, 5 CRC) | 18S rRNA | Upregulated in CRC | [7] |
| miRNA panel: miR-532-3p, miR-331, miR-195, miR-17, miR-142-3p, miR-15b, miR-532, and miR-652 | CRC: 91 ADN: 88 | CRC: 57 ADN: 64 | CRC: 45 ADN: 16 Control 26 | U6 | Upregulated in CRC Plasma, Could differentiate Polyps from Controls | [46] |
| miRNA panel: miR-21, let-7g, miR-31, miR-92a, miR-181b, and miR-203 | CRC: 93 | CRC: 91 | Training Set: 60 (30 CRC, 30 control) Validation Set: 142 (83 CRC, 59 Control) | miR-16 | Up-regulated serum miRNAs: (miR-21, let7g), Down-regulated serum miRNAs (miR-31, miR-181b, miR-92a, miR-203) | [48] |
| miRNA panel: (miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-19b, miR-15b, miR-29a, and miR-335) | CRC: 78.57 AA: 80 | CRC: 79.25 AA: 80 | 196 (63 CRC, 60 advanced adenoma, 73 control) | miR-16 | Upregulated plasma miRNAs (miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-19b, miR-15b, miR-29a, and miR-335), miR-18a could differentiate adenoma from control | [47] |
| Fecal miRNAs | ||||||
| miR-92a | CRC: 71.6 ADN: 56.1 | 73.3 | 133 (59 CRC, 74 control) | Equal amount of total RNA | Upregulated in stool of CRC patients | [57] |
| miR-21 | CRC: 55.7 | 73.3 | 133 (59 CRC, 74 control) | Equal amount of total RNA | Upregulated in stool of CRC patients | [57] |
| miR-17-92 cluster | CRC: 69.5 | 81.5 | 316 (197 CRC, 119 control) | U6 snRNA | Upregulated in stool of CRC patients | [58] |
| miRNA panel: miR-17-92 cluster (miR-17, miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-19b, miR-20a, and miR-92a), miR-21, and miR-135 | CRC: 74.1 | 79 | 316 (197 CRC, 119 control) | U6 snRNA | Upregulated in stool of CRC patients | [58] |
| miR-135b | CRC: 78 AA: 73 ADN: 62 | 68 | 424 (110 ADN, 59 AA, 104 CRC, 109 control, 42 IBD) | Equal amount of total RNA | Upregulated in stool of CRC patients | [55] |
| miR-221 | CRC: 62 | 74 | 595 (151 ADN, 48 AA, 198 CRC, 198 control) | Equal amount of total RNA | Upregulated in stool of CRC patients | [56] |
| miR-18a | CRC: 61 | 69 | 595 (151 ADN, 48 AA, 198 CRC, 198 control) | Equal amount of total RNA | Upregulated in stool of CRC patients | [56] |
| Proof of Principle: miR-7, miR-17, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-92a, miR-96, miR-106a, miR-134, miR-183, miR-196a, miR-199a-3p, miR214, miR-9, miR-29b, miR-127-5p, miR-138, miR-143, miR-146a, miR-222 and miR-938 | N/A | N/A | 60 (40 CRC, 20 control) | 18s rRNA | Upregulated in stool of CRC patients: miR-7, miR-17, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-92a, miR-96, miR-106a, miR-134, miR-183, miR-196a, miR-199a-3p and miR214 Downregulated in stool of CRC patients: miR-9, miR-29b, miR-127-5p, miR-138, miR-143, miR-146a, miR-222 and miR-938 | [59] |
Abbreviation: AA, Advanced Adenoma; ADN, Adenoma; CRC, colorectal cancer; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; N/A: Not Available.