Figure 1.

Schematic sketch (not drawn to scale) showing the step-by-step formation and functionalization of the S-layer supported lipid membrane (SsLM). (1) Recrystallization of the S-layer protein SbpA on the gold sensor; (2) Chemical activation of SbpA; (3) Binding of small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) via lipid linker molecules on the SbpA lattice; (4) Addition of Eu³⁺-ions to form inter-liposomal complexes of SUVs mediated by the β‑diketone ligand molecules; (5) Formation of a lipid bilayer structure on SbpA; (6A) Gramicidin incorporated in an SsLM; and (6B) α-Hemolysin reconstituted in an SsLM (could not be achieved in the present study).