[Table/Fig-1]:
Clinical and biochemical characteristics of the study participants
| Variables | NGT (n=76) | GDM (n=76) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (years) | 28±5 | 29±5 | 0.136 |
| Gestational age at screening (weeks) | 24.63±0.49 | 24.58±0.57 | 0.542 |
| Maternal weight (Kg) | 64.54±4.01 | 76.03±3.64 | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 126 ± 21 | 133 ± 11 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 82 ± 10 | 81 ±16 | 0.254 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 4.36±0.30 | 5.29±0.29 | <0.001 |
| 2 hour postprandial glucose (mmol/L) | 7.83±1.20 | 10.47±2.2 | <0.001 |
| Glycated hemoglobin A1c (%) | 4.37±1.21 | 6.21±1.09 | <0.001 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 22.39±13.83 | 24.25±13.84 | 0.410 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 20.75±6.51 | 22.43±8.19 | 0.163 |
| γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (U/L) | 12.92±6.00 | 18.04±7.86 | <0.001 |
| Butyrylcholinesterase activity (U/L) | 6142±1434 | 6704±1380 | 0.015 |
| Total bilirubin (γmol/L) | 7.54±3.29 | 7.01±2.73 | 0.281 |
| Direct bilirubin (γmol/L) | 3.02±1.33 | 3.02±1.44 | 0.983 |
| Total protein (g/L) | 66.21±3.54 | 67.24±4.37 | 0.113 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 37.16±2.86 | 38.71±3.89 | 0.003 |
| Globulin (g/L) | 29.05±3.22 | 28.54±3.14 | 0.322 |
| Pre-albumin (mg/L) | 230.87±44.20 | 248.14±44.92 | 0.018 |
| Cystatin C | 0.51±0.15 | 0.57±0.20 | 0.037 |
| Serum creatinine (γmol/L) | 42.64±9.16 | 45.08±9.72 | 0.114 |
| Uric acid (γmol/L) | 213.44±48.34 | 227.02±58.13 | 0.120 |