Table 2.
Characteristics of the most common diagnoses (at least 4% prevalence)
| Malaria (N = 113) | Lassa fever (N = 21) | Pneumonia (N = 18) | Unknown (N = 229) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Median [IQR] or n (%) | n | Median [IQR] or n (%) | n | Median [IQR] or n (%) | n | Median [IQR] or n (%) | |
| Demographics | ||||||||
| Age (years) | 108 | 45 [28–60] | 21 | 26 [20–31] | 18 | 51 [38–66] | 221 | 42 [30–60] |
| Female | 113 | 46 (40.7) | 21 | 16 (76.2) | 18 | 6 (33.3) | 229 | 73 (31.9) |
| Admission profile | ||||||||
| Season of admission | 113 | 20 | 18 | 229 | ||||
| Dry | 49 (43.4) | 10 (47.6) | 9 (50) | 109 (47.6) | ||||
| Rainy | 64 (56.6) | 10 (47.6) | 9 (50) | 120 (52.4) | ||||
| Symptoms | ||||||||
| Headache | 113 | 55 (48.7) | 21 | 21 (100) | 18 | 8 (44.4) | 226 | 86 (38.1) |
| Cough | 113 | 36 (32.1) | 21 | 14 (66.7) | 18 | 16 (88.9) | 226 | 88 (38.9) |
| Dyspnea | 111 | 26 (23.4) | 5 | 0 | 18 | 10 (55.6) | 218 | 56 (25.7) |
| Abdominal pain | 112 | 46 (41.1) | 15 | 12 (80) | 18 | 3 (16.7) | 219 | 85 (34.7) |
| Vomiting | 113 | 35 (31.0) | 21 | 16 (76.2) | 18 | 1 (5.6) | 225 | 78 (33.7) |
| Dizziness | 112 | 37 (33) | 21 | 18 (85.7) | 17 | 5 (29.4) | 224 | 84 (37.5) |
| Anorexia | 111 | 34 (30.6) | 0 | 18 | 8 (44.4) | 215 | 68 (31.6) | |
| Weight loss | 110 | 12 (10.9) | 0 | 15 | 9 (60.0) | 209 | 30 (14.4) | |
| Vitals | ||||||||
| Temperature ≥ 38°C | 109 | 31 (28.4) | 16 | 15 (93.8) | 16 | 5 (31.3) | 207 | 58 (28.0) |
| Temperature (°C) | 109 | 37.0 [36.4–38.0] | 16 | 39.0 [38.4–39.0] | 16 | 36.9 [36.1–38.3] | 207 | 37.0 [36.3–38.0] |
| Pulse (beats/minute) | 110 | 82 [74–91] | 16 | 98 [90–104] | 18 | 86 [65–106] | 211 | 84 [76–96] |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 106 | 120 [110–150] | 16 | 100 [83–110] | 17 | 120 [100–137] | 213 | 120 [100–140] |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 106 | 80 [70–90] | 16 | 60 [43–69] | 17 | 80 [70–80] | 211 | 80 [60–80] |
| Respirations per minute | 88 | 22 [20–24] | 15 | 24 [22–32] | 11 | 20 [20–28] | 190 | 22 [22–24] |
| Laboratory data | ||||||||
| WBC (× 103 cells/μL) | 53 | 7.5 [4.4–11.7] | 1 | * | 10 | 5.5 [4.0–8.7] | 90 | 6.7 [5.0–9.8] |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 105 | 9.9 [8.2–11.2] | 5 | 12 [8.9–15.4] | 12 | 9.3 [8.9–10.8] | 156 | 9.3 [7.8–11.5] |
| Creatinine (μM/L) | 51 | 121 [89–123] | 13 | 82 [48–201] | 3 | 123 [121–NR] | 83 | 123 [90–124] |
| Malaria parasite density (parasites/μL) | 105 | 180 [120–350] | 0 | − | 11 | 120 [0–160] | 140 | 0 [0–120] |
| Treatment outcomes | ||||||||
| Treatment received | ||||||||
| Antibiotics | 113 | 112 (99.1) | 13 | 11 (84.6) | 18 | 18 (100) | 217 | 209 (96.3) |
| Antimalarials | 113 | 110 (97.3) | 14 | 11 (78.6) | 18 | 9 (50) | 211 | 135 (64) |
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 112 | 7 [4–9] | 20 | 11 [5–14] | 18 | 9.5 [7–12] | 225 | 6 [3–9] |
| In-hospital mortality | 113 | 16 (14.2) | 21 | 8 (38.1) | 18 | 1 (5.6) | 229 | 54 (23.6) |
Data were not available for all variables. NR = not reported because unable to determine 75th percentile with a sample size of three.
*
One patient with Lassa fever had a WBC measurement (6.5 × 10−3 cell/μL).