Table 1.
Efflux pumps of the MFS family with clinically relevant antibiotics as their substrates.
| Bacterium | Efflux pump | Antibiotic substrates | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter baumannii | SmvA | EM | [86, 87] |
| CraA | CM | [88] | |
| CmlA | CM | [89] | |
| Bacillus subtilis | Bmr3 | FQ, PU | [90] |
| LmrB | DR, FQ, LC, PU | [91] | |
| MdtP | AT, FU, NO, SM | [92] | |
| Bordetella bronchiseptica | CmlB1 | CM | [93] |
| Clostridium difficile | Cme | EM | [94] |
| Clostridium saccharolyticum | Tet(40) | TC | [95] |
| Enterobacter aerogenes | QepA | FQ | [96] |
| Enterococcus faecium | EfmA | FQ | [97] |
| Escherichia coli | Mef(B) | MC | [98] |
| QepA2 | FQ | [99] | |
| EmrAB-TolC | FQ, TE | [100] | |
| Fsr | TM | [101] | |
| MdfA | FQ, MC, TE, CM | [102] | |
| Enterobacter aerogenes | CmlB | CM | [103] |
| Listeria monocytogenes | Lde | FQ | [104] |
| Mycobacterium smegmatis | LfrA | FQ | [105] |
| Salmonella Typhimurium | EmrAB | NA, NO | [106] |
| MdfA | CM, DR, NF, TC | [106] | |
| Serratia marcescens | SmfY | NF | [107] |
| Staphylococcus aureus | MdeA | FU, MU, NO, VM | [108] |
| NorA | FQ, CM | [109] | |
| NorB, NorC | FQ | [110, 111] | |
| MsrA | MC | [108, 112] | |
| LmrS | LZ, EM, CM, TM, FU | [62] | |
| SdrM | NF | [113] | |
| Tet(38) | TC | [111] | |
| Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | Smlt0032 | MC | [114] |
| Streptococcus agalactiae | MefB | MC | [115] |
| Streptococcus pyogenes | MefA | TC | [116] |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | MefA, MefE | MC | [117, 118] |
| Streptomyces coelicolor | CmlR1 CmlR2 | CM FP | [119] |
| Vibrio cholerae | VceCAB | NA, CM, EM | [120] |
| EmrD-3 | LZ, EM | [61] |
CM: chloramphenicol; DR: doxorubicin; EM: erythromycin; FP: florfenicol FQ: fluoroquinolones; FU: fusidic acid; LC: lincosamides; LZ: linezolid; MC: macrolides; MU: mupirocin; NF: norfloxacin; NO: novobiocin; PU: puromycin; SM: streptomycin; TC: tetracyclines; TM: trimethoprim; VM: virginiamycin.