Table 4.
Health outcomes differences among those with LBP and varying pain severity, and matched control respondents without LBP
| Pain severity
|
P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matched control (N=1,897) |
Mild (N=995) |
Moderate (N=622) |
Severe (N=280) |
||
| Difficulty falling asleep, n (%) | 211 (11.12%) | 202 (20.30%) | 176 (28.30%) | 96 (34.29%) | <0.001 |
| Waking up during the night and not being able to go to sleep, n (%) | 181 (9.54%) | 147 (14.77%) | 148 (23.79%) | 72 (25.71%) | <0.001 |
| Waking up several times during the night, n (%) | 183 (9.65%) | 143 (14.37%) | 131 (21.06%) | 69 (24.64%) | <0.001 |
| Poor quality of sleep, n (%) | 182 (9.59%) | 222 (22.31%) | 180 (28.94%) | 94 (33.57%) | <0.001 |
| Total sleep difficulties, n (%) | 468 (24.67%) | 410 (41.21%) | 323 (51.93%) | 165 (58.93%) | <0.001 |
| SF-36v2: Mental Component Summary | 48.7±9.5 | 47.3±10.0 | 43.5±11.0 | 40.7±11.6 | <0.001 |
| SF-36v2: Physical Component Summary | 53.43±5.99 | 51.04±5.38 | 47.14±6.12 | 44.01±7.39 | <0.001 |
| SF-36v2: Bodily Pain | 53.00±8.86 | 47.08±6.72 | 41.60±6.62 | 36.99±7.30 | <0.001 |
| SF-36v2: General Health | 47.72±9.03 | 44.79±8.90 | 40.11±8.81 | 37.39±9.59 | <0.001 |
| SF-36v2: Vitality | 51.54±9.50 | 48.12±9.32 | 43.58±9.79 | 39.79±10.20 | <0.001 |
| SF-36v2: Social Functioning | 51.41±8.50 | 50.95±8.79 | 47.38±9.88 | 44.74±10.75 | <0.001 |
| SF-36v2: Mental Health | 47.83±10.27 | 46.84±9.86 | 42.77±10.93 | 39.58±11.39 | <0.001 |
| SF-36v2: Emotional Role Limitations | 51.24±8.61 | 49.85±8.81 | 46.37±10.34 | 43.78±11.61 | <0.001 |
| SF-36v2: Physical Role Limitations | 53.08±7.35 | 52.58±6.77 | 48.81±8.38 | 45.80±9.79 | <0.001 |
| SF-36v2: Physical Functioning | 53.98±5.75 | 54.00±4.74 | 51.34±6.34 | 48.89±8.18 | <0.001 |
| SF6D: Health state utility score | 0.769±0.124 | 0.728±0.105 | 0.665±0.107 | 0.622±0.116 | <0.001 |
| Absenteeism % | 2.86±12.19 | 2.07±10.77 | 3.35±13.07 | 7.10±18.73 | <0.001 |
| Presenteeism % | 20.44±24.48 | 20.12±23.12 | 35.52±27.44 | 43.88±28.80 | <0.001 |
| Overall work impairment % | 22.0±26.5 | 21.3±24.6 | 37.2±28.8 | 45.4±30.6 | <0.001 |
| Activity impairment % | 22.00±25.39 | 22.98±24.69 | 41.14±26.14 | 53.11±28.23 | <0.001 |
| Health care provider visits in past 6 months | 4.70±8.75 | 6.46±14.23 | 8.40±11.25 | 11.44±14.13 | <0.001 |
| ER visits in the past 6 months | 0.09±0.92 | 0.16±1.85 | 0.14±1.11 | 0.21±0.91 | 0.324 |
| Hospitalizations in the past 6 months | 0.50±4.42 | 0.48±3.78 | 0.56±3.54 | 1.06±6.76 | 0.236 |
Note: Values were expressed as mean ± SD, unless otherwise stated.
Abbreviations: ER, emergency room; LBP, lower back pain; SF, Short Form® Health Survey; SF-36v2™, Short Form®-36 Health Survey, version 2; SD, standard deviation.