Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants by recent depressive symptoms (HSCL-25 mean cutoff >1.75 in depression subscale), given as N (%).
| Characteristics | All patients N= 169 |
No depression N=118 |
Depression N=51 |
P-value*,# |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender: Male | 153 (90.5) | 110 (93.2) | 43 (84.3) | 0.087 |
| Age (years): mean (SD) | 35.6 (10.2) | 36.8 (10.3) | 32.8 (9.5) | 0.018 |
| Residence (urban vs rural) | 118 (69.8) | 81 (68.7) | 37 (72.5) | 0.612 |
| Marital status (marital and cohabitating vs others) | 106 (62.7) | 75 (63.6) | 31 (60.8) | 0.732 |
| Occupation (stable) | 101 (60.1) | 74 (63.2) | 27 (52.9) | 0.210 |
| Education (high vs low) | 122 (72.2) | 86 (72.9) | 36 (70.6) | 0.760 |
| Caste (High vs low) | 97 (57.4) | 71 (60.2) | 26 (51.0) | 0.267 |
| Parental drinking (yes vs no) | 65 (38.5) | 39 (33.1) | 26 (51.0) | 0.028 |
| Institution (rehabilitation centre vs hospital) | 146 (86.4) | 100 (84.7) | 46 (90.2) | 0.343 |
| Life time major depression | 74 (44.0) | 35 (29.9) | 39 (76.5) | <0.001 |
| Recent anxiety | 34 (20.6) | 10 (8.8) | 24 (47.1) | <0.001 |
| Current smokers | 113(66.9) | 80 (67.8) | 33 (64.7) | 0.695 |
| History of illicit substance use | 51 (30.2) | 31 (26.3) | 20 (39.2) | 0.092 |
| Alcohol dependence (vs alcohol abuse only) | 146 (86.4) | 98 (83.4) | 48 (92.3) | 0.222 |
| Main drink (locally produced beverage vs bottled) | 87 (51.5) | 64 (54.2) | 23 (45.1) | 0.275 |
| High risk drinker (AUDIT score >20) | 136 (81.9) | 94 (80.3) | 42 (85.7) | 0.412 |
| Drinking ≥6 units on one occasion (vs non-bingers) | 119 (71.3) | 84 (71.8) | 35 (70.0) | 0.814 |
| Daily alcohol use (ethanol units) | 12.4 (5.7) | 11.9 (5.4) | 14.4 (6.1) | 0.033 |
| Drinking days per week (4 or more) | 123 (73.7) | 83 (70.9) | 40 (80.0) | 0.224 |
| Abstinence duration (days): mean (SD) | 34.8 (32.8) | 35.6 (32.9) | 32.7 (31.6) | 0.675 |
HSCL-25: Hopkins Symptom Checklist- 25,
*
P-values were calculated by χ2- tests for dichomotmous variables and Mann Whitney-U test for age, daily alcohol use and abstinence duration. Percentages apply for within recent-depression categories.
#
P values less than 0.01 were deemed significant after the Bonferroni adjustment.