Table 3.

Changes in qualitative parameters (Data from Abd-Elghany et al. (2010)) of sunflower oil treated with different levels of olive waste cake extract (100, 200, 400 and 600 ppm named as, SFO + OWC1, SFO + OWC2, SFO + OWC3 and SFO + OWC4, respectively) compared to crude sunflower oil (SFO) and sunflower oil treated with 200 ppm BHT (SFO + BHT) during heating at 180 ± 5°C

Heating period (h)	SFO	SFO + BHT	SFO + OWC1	SFO + OWC2	SFO + OWC3	SFO + OWC4
Peroxide value (meq O2/kg)
0	0.87	0.87	0.87	0.87	0.87	0.87
4	1.98	1.21	1.35	1.20	1.10	1.01
8	3.25	2.98	3.16	2.97	2.50	2.25
12	5.22	4.82	4.98	4.78	4.35	4.12
16	6.38	5.43	5.68	5.40	5.12	4.93
20	7.12	6.29	6.85	6.30	6.05	5.88
TBA value (mg malonaldehyde/kg)
0	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.11
4	2.68	2.25	2.34	2.20	2.01	1.82
8	5.76	4.36	4.52	4.21	4.03	2.24
12	7.89	6.62	6.78	6.35	6.10	5.62
16	8.25	7.73	7.89	7.46	7.22	6.75
20	8.93	7.89	7.98	7.58	7.30	6.89
Free fatty acids(as % oleic acid)
0	0.078	0.078	0.078	0.078	0.078	0.078
4	0.091	0.086	0.088	0.087	0.084	0.080
8	0.108	0.094	0.096	0.095	0.090	0.086
12	0.139	0.109	0.112	0.109	0.105	0.100
16	0.192	0.130	0.134	0.132	0.126	0.118
20	0.235	0.189	0.200	0.191	0.172	0.165
Oxidized fatty acids (%)
0	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12
4	0.13	0.22	0.26	0.20	0.18	0.18
8	0.59	0.45	0.50	0.41	0.38	0.35
12	0.98	0.76	0.81	0.65	0.50	0.50
16	1.29	0.99	1.12	0.92	0.86	0.80
20	2.35	1.96	2.13	1.83	1.70	1.65
Polar compounds (%)
0	2.12	2.12	2.12	2.12	2.12	2.12
4	2.85	2.68	2.72	2.66	2.46	2.32
8	3.75	2.95	2.98	2.92	2.70	2.48
12	4.86	3.85	3.98	3.80	3.58	3.29
16	6.79	4.98	5.21	4.98	4.39	3.98
20	8.38	7.65	7.88	7.56	7.20	6.75
Iodine value
0	130.21	130.21	130.21	130.21	130.21	130.21
4	125.20	127.35	126.45	127.45	128.12	129.11
8	122.62	125.15	123.82	125.50	126.35	128.34
12	118.35	120.65	119.23	120.75	123.25	127.15
16	110.22	115.34	114.46	117.38	120.15	124.28
20	104.50	110.23	109.45	112.25	116.50	121.26
Induction period in Rancimat oxidative stability test (h)
	8	10	10.6	12.5	17.8	25.5

*Data from Abd-Elghany et al. (2010)