Table 3. Results from multivariate logistic regression, correlates of lifetime physical violence perpetration against a partner, presented as unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios a (all-country sample, n = 7806).
| Demographic, Attitudinal, and Behavioral Variables | Frequency (%) or Mean | OR (n = 7810) | 95% CI | AOR a (n = 7810) | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age 18–28 (REF) | 29.6 | 1.00 | -- | 1.00 | -- |
| Age 29–39 | 32.0 | 1.69* | 1.41–2.02 | 1.56** | 1.35–1.80 |
| Age 40–59 | 38.4 | 2.04* | 1.68–2.48 | 1.88** | 1.47–2.41 |
| No Schooling or Primary (REF) | 29.8 | 1.00 | -- | 1.00 | -- |
| Secondary School | 39.8 | 0.78* | 0.63–0.96 | 0.95 | 0.75–1.21 |
| Post-Secondary School | 30.4 | 0.55* | 0.43–0.70 | 0.76 | 0.55–1.04 |
| Low Income (REF) | 24.4 | 1.00 | 1.00 | -- | |
| Mid-Low Income | 30.6 | 1.13 | 0.88–1.45 | 1.11 | 0.93–1.33 |
| Mid-High Income | 26.4 | 1.15 | 0.97–1.36 | 1.17** | 1.04–1.31 |
| Highest Income | 18.5 | 0.93 | 0.78–1.12 | 0.96 | 0.75–1.22 |
| Employed | 78.8 | 1.36* | 1.13–1.64 | 1.08 | 0.94–1.23 |
| Permissive attitudes towards VAW | 23.6 | 2.32* | 1.67–3.22 | 1.70** | 1.34–2.16 |
| Witness of Intra-parental violence | 27.7 | 3.09* | 2.50–3.83 | 2.53** | 2.08–3.07 |
| GEM Score b (mean) | 1.3 | 0.75* | 0.67–0.84 | 0.89* | 0.80–0.97 |
| Has been involved in Fights | 13.3 | 2.30* | 1.75–3.02 | 2.38** | 1.91–2.97 |
* p<.05,
**p<.01; CI = Confidence Intervals, OR = unadjusted odds ratio; AOR = Odds ratios adjusted for other variables in table
aAdjusted for all other variables presented in table
b The GEM score variable used in this regression model is standardized within each country with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. Thus, for the regression model, the GEM score variable measures your GEM score relative to other men surveyed in the same country. The mean reported in this table is the mean for man’s average GEM score. In both cases, the higher the number, the more gender equitable.