Table 1.
Patient demographics and characteristics.
| Demographic or characteristic | Number of patients |
|---|---|
| Sex (male/ female) | 7798/7883 |
| Age at surgery (years) | 45.2 ± 23.1 (range, 0–107) |
| Type of anesthesia (general/spinal or epidural) | 7372/8309 |
| Type of surgery (joint arthroplasty/other types of surgery) | 3784/11,897 |
| Medical history of HTN | 3630 |
| Medical history of DM | 1610 |
| Consultation to urology department | 752 |
| Postoperative urinary retention | 365 |
| Voiding problem* | 234 |
| Urinary tract infection | 36 |
| Genitourinary tract disease† | 39 |
| Genital organs problem | 39 |
| Preoperative voiding difficulty | 20 |
| Trauma | 19 |
*Voiding problems include frequency, hematuria, dysuria, nocturia, incontinence, and urgency; †genitourinary tract diseases include benign prostate hypertrophy, malignancy, and urinary stone; HTN = hypertension; DM = diabetes mellitus.