Table 1.
Reaction mechanisms and the corresponding equations.
| f(α) | Equations | Reaction mechanism |
|---|---|---|
| D 1 | α 2 = k · t | One-dimensional diffusion |
| D 2 | (1 − α)ln(1 − α) + α = k · t | Two-dimensional diffusion (cylindrical symmetry) |
| D 3 | [1 − (1 − α)1/3]2 = k · t | Three-dimensional diffusion (spherical symmetry, Jander equation) |
| D 4 | (1 − 2/3α) − (1 − α)2/3 = k · t | Three-dimensional diffusion (spherical symmetry, Ginstling-Braunshtein equation) |
| F 1 | −ln(1 − α) = k · t | First-order reaction (unimolecular decay law) |
| A 2 | [−ln(1 − α)]1/2 = k · t | Random nucleation (Avrami I equation) |
| A 3 | [−ln(1 − α)]1/3 = k · t | Random nucleation (Avrami II equation) |
| R 2 | 1 − (1 − α)1/2 = k · t | Phase-boundary controlled (cylindrical symmetry) |
| R 3 | 1 − (1 − α)1/3 = k · t | Phase-boundary controlled (spherical symmetry) |