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Putative genomic mechanisms leading to allele-specific expression. Schematic representation of the TGFBR1 gene. (a) Cis effect alone: (1) Change in genomic DNA affects enhancer. (2) Change in genomic DNA affects binding of transcription factor. (3) Change in genomic DNA affects antisense transcription. (4) Change in genomic DNA affects mRNA splicing or stability. (5) Change in genomic DNA affects the binding of microRNAs. (b) Trans effect alone. (c) Combined cis and trans effect.
