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. 2015 Feb 26;3:e805. doi: 10.7717/peerj.805

Table 1. Summary of benchmark clades supported by multiple studies.

The list of references accompanying each clade is meant to be representative, not an exhaustive review of supporting studies.

Benchmark clade Description Morphology Molecular
Australidephia This superorder contains all Australian marsupials and a single species from South America (monito del monte, Dromiciops gliroides) Horovitz & Sánchez-Villagra (2003), Asher, Horovitz & Sánchez-Villagra (2004), Ladèveze & de Muizon (2010) Kirsch et al. (1991), Colgan (1999), Palma & Spotorno (1999), Amrine-Madsen et al. (2003), Baker et al. (2004), Nilsson et al. (2004), Phillips et al. (2006), Beck (2008), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008a), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2009), Nilsson et al. (2010), Westerman, Meredith & Springer (2010)
Diprotodontia This is the largest order of marsupials and is distinguished from other marsupials by having syndactylous digits and two procumbent lower incisors (diprotodont) Horovitz & Sánchez-Villagra (2003), Asher, Horovitz & Sánchez-Villagra (2004) Baverstock, Kri & Birrell (1990), Burk et al. (1999), Colgan (1999), Osborne, Christidis & Norman (2002), Amrine-Madsen et al. (2003), Phillips et al. (2006), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008a), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2009), Munemasa et al. (2008), Phillips & Pratt (2008), Nilsson et al. (2010), Westerman, Meredith & Springer (2010)
Phalangeriformes This suborder of Diprotodontia contains medium sized arboreal marsupials from Australia, New Guinea and Sulawesi Flannery (1987), Springer & Woodburke (1989) Springer & Kirsch (1989), Springer & Kirsch (1991), Amrine-Madsen et al. (2003), Phillips & Pratt (2008), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2009)
Phalangeroidea This superfamily of Phalangeriformes contains two families Phalangeridae and Burramyidae Colgan (1999), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008a), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b), Westerman, Meredith & Springer (2010)
Phalangeridae This family of Phalangeroidea contains brushtail possums and cuscuses Hughes (1965) Osborne, Christidis & Norman (2002), Baker et al. (2004), Kavanagh et al. (2004), Raterman et al. (2006), Beck (2008), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2009).
Burramyidae This family of Phalangeroidea contains pygmy possums Archer (1984) Baverstock, Kri & Birrell (1990), Edwards & Westerman (1995), Osborne, Christidis & Norman (2002), Beck (2008)
Petauroidea This superfamily of Phalangeriformes contains four families: Pseudocheiridae, Petauridae, Tarsipedidae, and Acrobatidae Osborne, Christidis & Norman (2002), Amrine-Madsen et al. (2003), Kavanagh et al. (2004), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008a), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b), Phillips & Pratt (2008), Meredith et al. (2010), Westerman, Meredith & Springer (2010).
Pseudocheiridae This family of the superfamily Petauroidea contains ringtail possums Archer (1984), Springer (1993) Hayman & Martin (1974), Baverstock, Kri & Birrell (1990), Westerman, Janczewski & O’Brien (1990), Baverstock et al. (1990), Osborne & Christidis (2001), Meredith et al. (2010)
Petauridae This family of the superfamily Petauroidea contains gliders, Leadbeater’s possum, and the striped possum and trioks Aplin & Archer (1987), Smith (1984) Kirsch & Calaby (1977), Mckay (1984), Baverstock, Kri & Birrell (1990), Osborne & Christidis (2001), Meredith et al. (2010).
Acrobatidae This family of the superfamily Petauroidea contains feather-tailed gliders and feather-tailed possum Baverstock, Kri & Birrell (1990), Baker et al. (2004).
Macropodiformes This suborder of Diprotodontia contains kangaroos, wallabies, and allies (bettongs, potaroos, and rat kangaroos) Ride (1961), Case (1984), Flannery (1987) Kirsch (1977), Burk & Springer (2000), Kavanagh et al. (2004), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008a), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2009), Westerman, Meredith & Springer (2010)
Macropodoidea This superfamily of Macropodiformes consists of two families the Macropodidae and Potoroidae that form a clade distinct from the rat kangaroo, family Hypsiprymnodontidae Baverstock, Kri & Birrell (1990), Burk, Westerman & Springer (1998), Colgan (1999), Osborne, Christidis & Norman (2002), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b), Phillips & Pratt (2008).
Macropodidae This family of Macropodoidea contains the major diversity of marsupial herbivores, including kangaroos, wallabies, tree-kangaroos and several others Horovitz & Sánchez-Villagra (2003), Prideaux & Warburton (2010) Baverstock, Kri & Birrell (1990), Burk, Westerman & Springer (1998), Baker et al. (2004), Kavanagh et al. (2004), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2009).
Potoridae This family of Macropodoidea contains bettongs Archer (1984), Flannery, Archer & Plane (1984), Flannery (1989) Baverstock, Kri & Birrell (1990), Sanclair & Westerman (1997), Burk, Westerman & Springer (1998), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b).
Vombatiformes This suborder of Diprotodontia consists of two families: Phascolarctidae and Vombatidae Hughes (1965) Baverstock, Kri & Birrell (1990), Burk et al. (1999) (mtDNA), Osborne, Christidis & Norman (2002), Amrine-Madsen et al. (2003), Baker et al. (2004) (RAG1), Kavanagh et al. (2004), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008a), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2009), Phillips & Pratt (2008), Westerman, Meredith & Springer (2010).
Dasyuromorphia This order of marsupials contains most of Australian carnivorous marsupials consisting of three families: Dasyuridae, Myrmecobiidae, and Thylacinidae Wroe et al. (2000), Horovitz & Sánchez-Villagra (2003), Ladèveze & de Muizon (2010) Burk et al. (1999), Amrine-Madsen et al. (2003), Kavanagh et al. (2004), Beck (2008), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2009), Nilsson et al. (2010), Westerman, Meredith & Springer (2010).
Dasyuridae This family of Dasyuromorphia consists of terrestrial and arboreal species, many of which lack a pouch Wroe et al. (2000), Asher & Kirsch (2006) Westerman & Woolley (1990), Colgan (1999), Baker et al. (2004), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008a), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b).
Notoryctemorphia This order of marsupials contains two species of marsupial moles, Notoryctescaurinus and N typhlops Aplin & Archer (1987), Archer et al. (2011) Baverstock, Kri & Birrell (1990), Springer et al. (1998), Nilsson et al. (2010)
Peramelemorphia This order of marsupials consists of three families: Peramelidae, Chaeropodidae and Thylacomidae Wroe et al. (2000), Horovitz & Sánchez-Villagra (2003), Asher, Horovitz & Sánchez-Villagra (2004), Ladèveze & de Muizon (2010) Burk et al. (1999), Amrine-Madsen et al. (2003), (Asher, Horovitz & Sánchez-Villagra, 2004), Baker et al. (2004), Kavanagh et al. (2004), Beck (2008), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008a), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2009), Nilsson et al. (2010), Westerman, Meredith & Springer (2010), Westerman et al. (2012).
Peramelidae This family of the Peramelemorphia contains bandicoots and echymiperas Phillips et al. (2006), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008a), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b), Westerman et al. (2012).
Paucituberculata This order of shrew opossums is represented by a single family Caenolestidae Marshall (1980), Sánchez-Villagra (2001), Asher & Kirsch (2006), Ladèveze & de Muizon (2010), Abello (2013) Amrine-Madsen et al. (2003), Nilsson et al. (2004), Phillips et al. (2006), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008a), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b), Nilsson et al. (2010)
Didelphimorphia This order of new world marsupials diversified mainly in South America and consists of a single family Didelphidae Horovitz & Sánchez-Villagra (2003), Asher & Kirsch (2006), Ladèveze & de Muizon (2010) Burk et al. (1999), Amrine-Madsen et al. (2003), Baker et al. (2004), (Kavanagh et al., 2004), Nilsson et al. (2004), Phillips et al. (2006), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008a), Meredith, Westerman & Springer (2008b), Nilsson et al. (2010)