Table 1.

Behaviors recorded and behavioral categories analyzed

Category	Data Type	Behavior(s)
Abnormal	Frequency Duration	clasp self, feces paint, head toss, pace, pull/eat hair, regurgitate, rock, self aggression, other stereotyped movement, suck self
Activity	Frequency	changes in position (front sit, front stand, back sit, back stand, other location, shun)
Aggression	Frequency Duration	aversive to object, brow raise, cage slap, lunge, open mouth threat, stare, teeth grind, yawn
Arousal	Frequency	muzzle wipe, piloerection, penis erection, urinate/defectate, scratch self, mantle shake
Avert	Frequency Duration	look intently away from stimulus object (usually upward) with fixed gaze
Front	Duration	time spent in front of cage (front sit and front stand)
Latency to touch	Duration	latency to first touch object
Locomotion	Duration	locomote, including walk, jump, climb
Object contact	Frequency Duration	bite object, manipulate object, smell object, watch object
Self	Frequency Duration	groom self, manipulate self, masturbate, scratch self
Slap cage	Frequency	cage slap
Submissive	Frequency Duration	ambivalent (displaying submissive and other behavior at same time), avert, clasp self, present, ear flatten, fear grimace, jump back from object, lipsmack, present, scream
Vigilance	Frequency Duration	intent monitoring area away from cage, stimulus and observer
Watch Observer	Frequency Duration	watch observer
Yawn	Frequency Duration	open mouth fully to expose teeth