Table 3.

Adjusted multivariable analysis assessing for predictors for the outcomes of any complication as well as for Clavien IV or V complication among urological procedures, NSQIP 2006–2011.

Adjusted Multivariable Analysis		Any Complication^a 95% CI				Clavien IV or V Complication^a 95% CI
Variable^b		OR	Low	High	p-value	OR	Low	High	p-value
Sex	Female	Reference				Reference
	Male	1.03	0.93	1.13	0.59	1.37	1.11	1.69	<0.01
Age	<50	Reference				Reference
	50–59	1.11	0.96	1.29	0.14	1.57	1.04	2.39	0.03
	60–69	1.16	1.01	1.33	<0.01	1.72	1.15	2.56	0.01
	70–79	1.35	1.17	1.55	<0.01	2.70	1.81	4.03	<0.01
	≥80	1.73	1.47	2.02	<0.01	3.98	2.62	6.04	<0.01
Race	Caucasian	Reference				Reference
	African-American	1.07	0.94	1.22	0.30	1.22	0.92	1.61	0.17
	Hispanic	0.92	0.79	1.07	0.29	0.71	0.48	1.04	0.08
	Asian	0.93	0.70	1.24	0.61	0.90	0.45	1.78	0.76
Year	2006	Reference				Reference
	2007	1.12	0.48	2.61	0.79	0.79	0.10	6.41	0.82
	2008	1.08	0.47	2.46	0.86	1.58	0.21	11.95	0.66
	2009	1.10	0.48	2.49	0.83	1.57	0.21	11.80	0.66
	2010	1.50	0.66	3.40	0.33	1.30	0.17	9.74	0.80
	2011	1.55	0.68	3.51	0.29	1.35	0.18	10.10	0.77
ASA Class	1	Reference				Reference
	2	1.39	1.09	1.77	0.01	4.13	1.01	16.90	0.05
	3	1.89	1.48	2.42	<0.01	8.03	1.96	32.83	<0.01
	4	2.81	2.13	3.72	<0.01	13.72	3.30	57.11	<0.01
Functional Status	Independent	Reference				Reference
	Partially Dependent	1.76	1.47	2.09	<0.01	2.31	1.72	3.11	<0.01
	Totally Dependent	3.03	2.04	4.52	<0.01	6.76	4.06	11.26	<0.01
COPD		1.23	1.09	1.40	<0.01	1.52	1.21	1.92	<0.01
Steroid		1.25	1.03	1.51	0.02	1.51	1.07	2.14	0.02
AKI		2.70	1.89	3.87	<0.01	3.38	2.01	5.69	<0.01
Bleeding Risk		1.44	1.20	1.71	<0.01	1.22	0.86	1.74	0.26
Preop Transfusion		4.44	3.40	5.80	<0.01	1.64	1.03	2.62	0.04
HTN		1.06	0.99	1.14	0.11	1.06	0.89	1.26	0.49
Diabetes		1.05	0.96	1.15	0.26	1.13	0.10	1.35	0.94

Resident^c	Not case-mix adjusted	1.43	1.34	1.53	<0.01	1.62	1.39	1.90	<0.01
Resident^c	Case-mix adjusted	1.18	1.09	1.29	<0.01	1.06	0.88	1.28	0.55
	Scrotal	0.98	0.54	1.77	0.95	N/A
	Transurethral	1.01	0.88	1.18	0.84	0.88	0.61	1.29	0.53
	Urogynecologic	1.70	1.18	2.45	<0.01	N/A
	Abdominopelvic	1.23	1.10	1.38	<0.01	1.12	0.88	1.41	0.36

Also adjusted for case-mix of procedures; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; OR = odds ratio

ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; AKI = acute kidney injury; HTN = hypertension

Subset analysis of 77% of procedures including data on resident assistance; abdominopelvic includes prostatectomy, nephrectomy, and cystectomy; scrotal and urogynecologic surgeries had too small of a sample size and low rate of Clavien 4 or 5 complications to analyze.