Table 1. Hematology and plasma biochemistry reference intervals and 90% confidence intervals for a population of 191 apparently healthy juvenile loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) sampled in Core Sound, North Carolina, USA from 2004–2007.
| Parameter | Unit | N a | Median (Range) | Lower limit (90% CI) | Upper limit (90% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Packed cell volume | % | 190 | 31.0 (9.0–40.0) | 17.0 (10.0–20.0) | 39.0 (38.0–40.0) |
| Estimated white blood cell count | X 109/L | 190 | 9.0 (2.0–27.0) | 5.0 (2.0–5.0) | 19.0 (16.0–27.0) |
| Heterophils | X 109/L | 190 | 4.7 (0.0–21.6) | 0.0 (0.0–0.8) | 13.6 (12.2–16.1) |
| Lymphocytes | X 109/L | 190 | 3.4 (0.6–9.2) | 1.0 (0.7–1.1) | 7.9 (7.2–9.2) |
| Monocytes | X 109/L | 190 | 0.14 (0.0–1.6) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 1.0 (0.8–1.6) |
| Eosinophils | X 109/L | 190 | 0.3 (0.0–4.8) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 2.9 (1.6–4.0) |
| Basophils | X 109/L | 190 | 0.0 (0.0–0.5) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) |
| Azurophils | X 109/L | 190 | 0.0 (0.0–1.2) | 0.00 (0.0–0.0) | 0.63 (0.5–1.2) |
| Total protein | g/L | 191 | 35.0 (21.0–60.0) | 22.8 (22.0–24.0) | 52.2 (47.0–53.0) |
| Albumin | g/L | 191 | 11.0 (4.0–17.0) | 5.0 (5.0–6.0) | 16.0 (16.0–17.0) |
| Glucose | mmol/L | 191 | 5.8 (2.5–12.9) | 3.7 (3.1–4.1) | 9.1 (8.3–10.2) |
| Aspartate aminotransferase | U/L | 191 | 161.0 (50.0–390.0) | 84.4 (76.0–93.0) | 304.8 (269.0–362.0) |
| Calcium | mmol/L | 191 | 1.9 (1.3–2.9) | 1.4 (1.3–1.5) | 2.5 (2.4–2.6) |
| Phosphorus | mmol/L | 191 | 2.2 (1.2–3.6) | 1.4 (1.3–1.6) | 3.3 (3.1–3.6) |
| Calcium/phosphorus ratio | mmol/L/mmol/L | 191 | 0.8 (0.4–1.8) | 0.5 (0.4–0.6) | 1.4 (1.3–1.6) |
| Sodium | mmol/L | 191 | 156.0 (145.0–168.0) | 150.0 (145.0–150.0) | 163.0 (162.0–165.0) |
| Potassium | mmol/L | 191 | 4.2 (2.5–6.1) | 2.9 (2.5–3.1) | 5.2 (5.1–5.7) |
| Chloride | mmol/L | 191 | 115.0 (101.0–129.0) | 103.0 (102.0–107.0) | 125.0 (123.0–125.0) |
| Globulin | g/L | 191 | 24.0 (13.0–46.0) | 14.0 (14.0–16.0) | 37.0 (33.0–38.0) |
| Creatine phosphokinase | U/L | 191 | 1,034.0 (153.0–13,310.0) | 249.4 (165.0–297.0) | 4409.0 (3782.0–5123.0) |
| Uric acid | μmol/L | 191 | 47.6 (5.9–166.5) | 6.0 (6.0–11.9) | 142.8 (113.0–142.8) |
| Reference interval partitioned based on season | |||||
| Blood urea nitrogen | mmol/L | ||||
| Fall sampling period | 78 | 33.7 (11.8–62.8) | 13.1 (11.0–15.7) | 61.3 (56.5–65.9) | |
| Summer sampling period | 113 | 23.6 (6.1–67.8) | 7.2 (6.1–8.6) | 63.9 (56.8–71.0) | |
aSample sizes varied among analytes for reference interval estimation due to missing data for a few hematological analytes.