Fig 3. Number of host samples needed to detect a pathogen 80% of the time for varying host-level infection rates (Ψ).

Panel rows illustrate the effect of pathogens being searched for in multiple organs and the columns illustrate the effect of varying sensitivity and organ-level infection rate (φ). Organ-level infection rate (φ) and sensitivity (s) assumed to be constant among organs in simulations. Sampling sizes for the top left panel required more than 60 and therefore the panel represents the few combinations where the success criteria was met.