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. 2015 Feb 15;5(5):530–544. doi: 10.7150/thno.10824

Table 3.

Implication of NG2/CSPG4 in tumour progression as suggested by in vivo studies1

Tumour type Cell line Host Targeting agent/
experimental condition		 Effect Reference
Xenogenic
Triple-negative breast carcinoma MDA-MB-4352
MDA-MB-231		 C.B17-SCID mAb 225.28 Reduced tumour volume;
inhibition of metastasis formation; inhibition of tumour recurrence		 43
Glioblastoma U87MG Athymic mAb 9.2.27-DAVLBHY3 Reduced tumour volume 146
Glioblastoma U87MG
Glioblastoma biopsy		 Athymic mAb 9.2.27-Pseudomonas exotoxin A Increased survival 147
Glioblastoma U87MG
U87MG_shRNA4 		NOD-SCID TNFα Diminished drug resistance 22
Glioblastoma5 U251
U251-NG2+ 		Athymic Ionizing radiation Increased treatment resistance 70
Glioblastoma/
Melanoma		 U251, U251-NG2
Glioblastoma biopsy
A375_shRNA4 		Athymic (glioblastoma),
NOD-SCID (melanoma)		 NG2 shRNA Reduced tumour volume; impaired angiogenesis 71
Glioblastoma U251-NG2+5
Glioblastoma biopsy, U87MG		 Athymic mAb 9.2.27 + NK cells Increased survival 148
Melanoma/
Brest carcinoma/
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma		 SENMA
UACC-812
PCI-30		 NSG Redirected T cells
with a CSPG4-specific (CAR) with CD28
costimulatory endodomain		 Reduced tumour volume 145
Melanoma M21 Athymic mAb 9.2.27-Diphtheria toxin A Reduced tumour volume 132
Melanoma Colo38 Athymic mAb 225.28S-Purothionin Reduced tumour volume 133
Melanoma M21 Athymic mAb 225.28-methotrexate Reduced tumour volume 134
Melanoma FM3, FM55
FMEX, G361,
Melanoma biopsy		 NOD-SCID mAb K305-Staphylococcal enterotoxin A Redirection of T cells against cancer cells;
reduced tumour volume		 135
Melanoma 518A2 NOD-SCID mAb 225.28 Reduced tumour volume 136
Melanoma MM138 Athymic mAb 9.2.27-Bi213 Inhibition of tumor engraftment; delayed tumor growth 137
Melanoma 518A2 C.B.17 SCID/SCID NG2/CSPG4 mimotope 225D9.2+ Reduced local growth 138
Melanoma MeWo
Melanoma biopsy		 NIH-III Mice Redirected T cells
with bispecific anti- NG2/CSPG4-CD20 mAbs		 Reduced tumour volume 114
Melanoma A375 Athymic scFv 9.2.27-TRAIL Reduced tumor volume 139
Melanoma MV3
M21		 NOD-SCID mAb scFv-FcC21 Reduced level of lung metastases;
increased survival		 140
Melanoma A375M NOD-SCID MV-FCU1-αHMWMAA + 5-FC6 Reduced tumour volume 141
Mesothelioma PPM-Mill C.B.17 SCID/SCID mAb TP41.2 Reduced tumour volume 44
AML ML-2 NOD-SCID mAbs 225.28, 653.25;763.74, TP61.5, VT68.2 No effect 106
Syngenic and/or transgenic
Breast carcinoma/
Melanoma		 B16F10
B16F10-NG2+5 		C57BL/6
NT-2
FVB/N HER-2/neu 		Immunization with
Lm-HMW-MAA-C7 		Impaired angiogenesis;
reduced tumour volume		 142
Breast carcinoma None MMTV-PyMT-NG2-/- NG2/CSPG4-/-
+ virally induced tumors		 Delayed tumour formation; impaired angiogenesis 124
Glioblastoma None C57BL/6-NG2-/-
C57BL/6		 NG2/CSPG4-/- or NG2/CSPG4 miRNA + ectopic PDGF-BB8 No effect 49
Glioblastoma/
Melanoma		 B16F10-NG2+5, CT2A C57Bl/6-NG2-/- NG2/CSPG4-/- Delayed tumour growth 121
Melanoma B16F10-NG2+5
B16F1-NG2+5 		C57Bl/6 NG2/CSPG4-/- Increased tumour volume;
increased metastasis formation		 92
Melanoma OCM-1A C57BL/6-NG2-/-
C57BL/6		 NG2/CSPG4-/- + Cyclosporin A Impaired angiogenesis;
reduced tumor volume		 120
Melanoma B16F10 C57BL/6-NG2-/-
C57BL/6-NG2-/--PDGFRB-CRE9 		Ablation of pericyte NG2/CSPG4 Impaired angiogenesis 143
Melanoma B16F10 BALB/c mice TH10-DTX-NP10 Increased survival; impaired angiogenesis (lung metastases) 144

1Reported findings refer to tumour models with constitutively high expression of NG2/CSPG4, cell lines with forced (over)expression of the PG and models of RNAi-mediated knockdown of NG2/CSPG4;

2The MDA-MB-435 cell line is recognized to be of melanoma origin and has been misquoted in Wang et al. 2010 43;

3DAVLBHY = 4-desacetylvinblastine-3-carboxyhydrazide;

4Refers to cells stably transfected with a shRNA probe to induce persistent knockdown of NG2/CSPG4;

5Refers to studies in which glioblastoma cell lines were stably transfected to overexpress NG2/CSPG4;

6Oncolytic measles virus entering melanoma cells through NG2/CSPG4 and carrying FCU1 gene encoding the yeast-derived prodrug convertases cytosine deaminase and uracil phosphoribosyltransferase for the conversion of the prodrug 5-fluorocytosine into 5-fluorouracil;

7Lm-LLO-HMW-MAA-C = Recombinant Lm(Listeria monocytogenes)-based vaccine secreting a fragment of NG2/CSPG4 fused to LLO;

8Intra-uterus injection of PDGF-BB or NG2/CSPG4-directed miRNA into E14 embryonic brains;

9NG2/CSPG4 floxed mice and PDGFR-B-Cre transgenic mice were backcrossed to a C57Bl/6 background;

10TH10-DTX-NP = TH10 peptide (TAASGVRSMH) conjugated to docetaxel-loaded nanoparticles.