. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 5.

Published in final edited form as: Read Writ. 2011 Jun 25;25(7):1499–1521. doi: 10.1007/s11145-011-9330-y

Table 7.

First-order correlations among all measures controlled for age

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22
1. Age 9: writing quality	1.00
2. Age 6: speeded naming	−.37^**	1.00
3. Age 7: speeded naming	−.28^**	.57^**	1.00
4. Age 8: speeded naming	−.33^**	.62^**	.74^**	1.00
5. Age 6: cross out	.45^**	−.38^**	−.29^**	−.27^**	1.00
6. Age 7: cross out	.40^**	−.37^**	−.38^**	−.40^**	.56^**	1.00
7: Age 6: visual matching	.31^**	−.48^**	−.34^**	−.23^**	.57^**	.50^**	1.00
8: Age 7: visual matching	.40^**	−.35^**	−.38^**	−.35^**	.49^**	.60^**	.57^**	1.00
9. Age 6: dictation	.44^**	−.30^**	−.24^**	−.28^**	.32^**	.28^**	.23^**	.17^*	1.00
10. Age 7: dictation	.46^**	−.24^**	−.32^**	−.32^**	.29^**	.33^**	.31^**	.33^**	.60^**	1.00
11. Age 8: dictation	.49^**	−.35^**	−.38^**	−.41^**	.29^**	.34^**	.28^**	.36^**	.63^**	.78^**	1.00
12. Age 6: vocabulary	.16	−.22^**	−.08	−.08	.18^*	.09	.18^*	.03	.20^*	.09	.21^*	1.00
13: Age 7: vocabulary	.23^**	−.28^**	−.14	−.09	.16	.12	.26^**	.26^**	.29^**	.22^**	.31^**	.30^**	1.00
14. Age 8: vocabulary	.29^**	−.30^**	−.20^*	−.17^*	.14	.16	.15	.21^*	.18^*	.11	.40^**	.34^**	.37^**	1.00
15. Age 9: vocabulary	.31^**	−.27^**	−.18^*	−.25^**	.16	.18^*	.18^*	.19^*	.20^*	.33^**	.46^**	.35^**	.35^**	.41^**	1.00
16. Age 6: PA	.29^**	−.37^**	−.28^**	−.31^**	.27^**	.36^**	.29^**	.16	.38^**	.29^**	.32^**	.21^*	.18^*	.14	.20^*	1.00
17. Age 7: PA	.25^**	−.32^**	−.29^**	−.28^**	.29^**	.28^**	.25^**	.19^*	.44^**	.29^**	.30^**	.16	.28^**	.12	.11	.61^**	1.00
18. Age 8: PA	.28^**	−.26^**	−.25^**	−.28^**	.15	.20^*	.13	.11	.33^**	.27^**	.33^**	.13	.21^*	.25^**	.26^**	.52^**	.61^**	1.00
19: Age 9: HWF (number)	.24^**	−.45^**	−.32^**	−.36^**	.20^*	.29^**	.36^**	.33^**	.02	.17^*	.16	.04	.16	.16	.28^**	.21^*	.12	.12	1.00
20. Age 9: HWF (sentence)	.34^**	−.36^**	−.31^**	−.33^**	.26^**	.22^**	.27^**	.30^**	.11	.26^**	.20^*	−.04	.11	.13	.24^**	.17^*	.19^*	.18^*	.63^**	1.00
21. Age 9: Writing: length	.73^**	−.26^**	−.14	−.15	.22^**	.27^**	.25^**	.26^**	.22^**	.35^**	.12	.15	.14	.26^**	.10	.06	.06	.37^**	.34^**	.12	1.00
22. Age 9: Writing: WW	−.17^*	.10	.12	.13	−.12	−.20^*	−.11	−.16	−.13	−.27^**	−.06	−.06	.04	−.13	−.11	−.08	−.06	.00	−.11	−.06	−.05	1.00

PA phonological awareness, HWF (number) handwriting fluency task on Chinese numbers, HWF (sentence) handwriting fluency task on Chinese sentences, Writing: WW number of wrong words in Chinese composition task

p < .05;

^**

p < .01