Table 3.
Percentage of women receiving guideline-consistent, early, or missed cervical cancer screening by sociodemographic, health care access, and reproductive health characteristics, females ages 15–29, United States National Survey of Family Growth, 2002, 2006–20081
| Guideline-consistent | Early | Missed | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | 2006–08 | 20022 | 2006–082 | 2002 | 2006–08 | |
| Total % (weighted N) | 70.2 (20,303) | 74.1 (22,750) | 1.0 (277) | 6.9 (2,128) | 28.9 (8,343) | 19.0 (5,821) |
| Sociodemographic characteristics (%) | ||||||
| Age | ||||||
| 15 – 17 | 83.4 | 88.9* | 4.8 | 9.1** | 11.9 | 2.0*** |
| 18 – 20 | 56.6 | 68.8** | --- | 24.1 | 43.4 | 7.2*** |
| 21 – 24 | 70.2 | 68.8 | --- | --- | 29.8 | 31.2 |
| 25 – 29 | 70.7 | 73.3 | --- | --- | 29.3 | 26.7 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 73.8 | 75.8 | [1.4] | 10.0*** | 24.8 | 14.2*** |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 72.2 | 75.3 | 1.0 | 6.5*** | 26.8 | 18.3*** |
| Hispanic | 63.2 | 71.5** | --- | 6.3 | 36.6 | 22.2*** |
| Other | 60.4 | 65.7 | --- | 5.6 | 38.3 | 28.7 |
| Born outside of U.S. | 58.6 | 66.2 | --- | [3.7] | 40.9 | 30.1** |
| Born in U.S. | 72.0 | 75.2 | 1.0 | 7.4*** | 26.9 | 17.5*** |
| Mother’s education, less than college | 67.6 | 74.6*** | 0.3 | 5.8*** | 31.3 | 19.6*** |
| Mother’s education, some college or more | 73.1 | 73.7 | [0.8] | 8.0*** | 26.1 | 18.4*** |
| Urban residence | 70.8 | 74.5* | 0.7 | 6.2*** | 28.5 | 19.3*** |
| Non-urban residence | 67.6 | 72.7 | [1.9] | 9.4** | 30.5 | 17.9*** |
| Health care access and use (%) | ||||||
| Any gap in health insurance, past 12 months | 61.6 | 68.5** | --- | 2.7 | 38.2 | 28.8*** |
| Continuous health insurance, past 12 months | 73.0 | 76.2 | 1.2 | 8.7*** | 25.7 | 15.1*** |
| Currently have no health insurance | 53.4 | 63.6** | --- | 1.5 | 46.3 | 34.9*** |
| Currently have private health insurance | 73.4 | 77.2 | 1.1 | 7.7*** | 25.5 | 15.1*** |
| Currently have public health insurance | 74.1 | 76.0 | [1.2] | 10.0*** | 24.8 | 14.0*** |
| Currently using hormonal contraception | 87.0 | 79.2*** | [1.1] | 11.7*** | 11.9 | 9.1 |
| Not currently using hormonal contraception | 59.0 | 66.4 | 0.0 | 3.6*** | 41.0 | 30.1** |
| Received HPV vaccine3 | na | 74.9 | na | 17.5 | na | 7.6 |
| Did not receive HPV vaccine | na | 75.5 | na | 8.9 | na | 15.6 |
| Reproductive health factors (%) | ||||||
| Multiple sexual partners in the past year | 70.4 | 71.2 | 0.0 | 11.3*** | 28.1 | 17.5*** |
| One or no sexual partners in the past year | 71.9 | 71.6 | 0.0 | 7.08*** | 29.6 | 21.3*** |
| Never had sex | 65.5 | 81.3*** | 4.0 | 4.1 | 30.5 | 14.5*** |
| Became sexually active in past 36 months | 60.3 | 57.4 | 0.0 | 31.2*** | 39.7 | 11.4*** |
| Became sexually active >36 months ago | 75.3 | 76.3 | 0.0 | --- | 24.7 | 23.7 |
| Pregnant in the past 12 months | 84.7 | 80.6 | 0.0 | 9.3*** | 15.4 | 10.1 |
| Not pregnant in the past 12 months | 68.7 | 73.5** | 1.1 | 6.7*** | 30.3 | 19.8*** |
Variables in bold-face type were significantly different within survey year, design-based Pearson chi-squared test (p<.05). Asterisks indicate differences between 2002 and 2006–08, standard two-tailed t-test on design-based point estimates and standard errors (* p< .05, ** p<.01, *** p<.001).
Estimates of early screening were based on fewer respondents. Estimates with relative standard errors >50% are not reported and those with relative standard error >30% are in brackets.
The HPV vaccine item was asked beginning in 2007 for those under the age of 25 (unweighted N = 1,244). Those who received the vaccine were significantly different from those not receiving the vaccine based on the overall design-based Pearson chi-squared test.