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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 30.
Published in final edited form as: IUBMB Life. 2014 Oct 30;66(10):694–703. doi: 10.1002/iub.1319

Figure 6. Model of β1 integrin-mediated regulation of Egfr and Hh expression in intestinal epithelial cells.

Figure 6

The model shows that β1 integrins enhance downregulation of Egfr signaling through endocytosis. Egfr signaling inhibits Hh expression. Hh signaling is paracrine in the intestinal with Shh and Ihh secreted by the intestinal epithelial cells which bind to their cognate receptor Patched (Ptc) expressed on intestinal stromal cells. Hh signaling in stromal cells is mediated by Smoothened (Smo) and Gli transcription factors, and, culminates in the induction of Bmp-2/-4 expression. Bmp signaling is paracrine as well since Bmp receptors are expressed by intestinal epithelial cells. Bmp signaling inhibits proliferative signaling, especially the Wnt pathway, and inhibits Shh transcription in intestinal epithelial cells.