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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Feb 27.
Published in final edited form as: Nanotechnology. 2015 Feb 4;26(8):085602. doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/8/085602

Table I.

Surface areas determined by both oxide stripping and use of a diffusing redox probe (Fe(CN)63-/4-) for NPG-covered gold wire, annealed NPG-covered gold wires, and bare gold wire electrodes. Also shown are inter-ligament gaps, ligament widths, and the constant phase element and its exponent as determined from EIS data.

Method or quantity NPG Annealed in KCl Annealed in NaNO3 Annealed in NaClO4 Gold wire
Oxide stripping (cm2) 21 ± 2 7 ± 1 (30 cycles) 16 ± 1 16 ± 2 0.035 ± 0.001
Cathodic peak current (cm2) 0.37 ± 0.02 0.19 ± 0.03 0.23 ± 0.02 0.32 ± 0.04 0.036 ± 0.003
Anodic peak current (cm2) 0.36 ± 0.03 0.19 ± 0.03 0.22 ± 0.03 0.32 ± 0.05 0.0315 ± 0.0004
Inter-ligament gap (nm) 39 ± 10 88 ± 26 76 ± 32 58 ± 15 n/a
Ligament width (nm) 37 ± 10 55 ± 22 54 ± 14 49 ± 12 n/a
Constant phase element (S sn cm−2) 45.9 ± 3.5 9.6 ± 0.9 21.7 ± 5.4 45.8 ± 9.0 0.07 ± 0.02
Constant phase element exponent 0.87 0.87 0.92 0.88 0.91