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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 5.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Commun. 2014;5:3088. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4088

Table 2. Description of behavioural responses of Panzee and Sherman to the experimenter's pointing gestures.

Chimpanzee behaviour Description
Indicative intentional gestures
Point Pattern of movement where the arm, forearm and hand is moved in a linear path which appears to be aimed at specific distal target or a lexigram using both extended index finger and open hand; includes touching a lexigram on keyboard
Non-indicative intentional gestures
Manual shake Subject shakes one or both hands or arms repeatedly with either rapid or slower movements
Bob Subject bobs and weaves with head or whole body in a bowing position upwards or forwards
Unintentional behaviour
Rock Subject stands or sits and rocks their body from side to side, or from forwards to backwards
Scratch Subject uses fingers to repeatedly rake through own hair and skin
Vocalisation Subject makes a sound with the vocal tract