Table 1.

Number of Participants and Hospitalization Days

Classification	Conventional surgery		ESD	p-value
	OG	LAG		OG vs ESD	LAG vs ESD
Medical institution A
No. of patients	15		15	-	-
Hospitalization days	11.6 (9–17)		5 (4–8)	<0.0001	-
Medical institution B
No. of patients	21	51	37	-	-
Hospitalization days	11.7 (10–22)	11 (9–23)	4.9 (4–12)	<0.0001	<0.0001
Medical institution C
No. of patients	-	25	30		-
Hospitalization days	-	16.7 (9–31)	7.7 (6–10)	<0.0001	<0.0001

Data are presented as mean (range). Medical institution A provided the data without separating the patients with laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy from the patients with open gastrectomy.

OG, open gastrectomy; LAG, laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy; ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection.