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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Apr 15.
Published in final edited form as: Behav Brain Res. 2015 Jan 16;283:22–29. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.01.017

Figure 1.

Figure 1

FoxP2 and FoxP1 mRNA expressions. Schematic drawing of brain sections from adult male budgerigars (a) and zebra finch (d). Photomicrographs of brain sections from non-vocalizing adult male budgerigars (BG, top) and non-singing adult male zebra finches (ZF, bottom). Location of striatal vocal nuclei and adjacent areas in schematic sections adopted from the atlas at Reiner et al., 2004 [47]. (b and e) In situ signals for FoxP2. (c and f) In situ signals for FoxP1. Boxes indicate the approximate areas of measurement: striatal vocal control nucleus (MMSt for budgerigars and Area X for zebra finches) and adjacent striatum. * indicates the adjacent striatum area where mRNA was quantified, and # indicates that for protein expression. FoxP2 levels appear lower in the MMSt compared to the adjacent striatum while Area X exhibits similar or slightly higher expression level compared to adjacent area. In contrast, FoxP1 is highly expressed in the striatal vocal control nucleus in both species. Since zebra finch tissue produced stronger signals, the representative pictures for the two species were taken from different films with different exposure times. Abbreviations: H, Hyperpallium: M, Mesopallium; N, Nidopallium; Bas, Basorostral pallial nucleus; MMSt, Magnocellular nucleus of the medial striatum; St, striatum.