Table 2.
Echocardiographic characteristics of the study population.
| Patients with DM | Controls | ||
| (n = 132) | (n = 80) | p | |
| LVEF (%) | 62.3(59.0-65.3) | 63.4(60.9-65.2) | 0.130 |
| IVST (mm) | 10.0(9.2-10.4) | 9.7(9.0-10.3) | 0.146 |
| LVPWT (mm) | 8.3(7.4-9.1) | 8.2(7.4-9.2) | 0.811 |
| LV mass index (g/m2) | 80.2±16.2 | 77.1±15.1 | 0.154 |
| Mitral E velocity (m/sn) | 0.92(0.70-0.93) | 0.82(0.72-1.0) | 0.637 |
| Mitral A velocity (m/sn) | 0.65(0.53-0.67) | 0.57(0.53-0.70) | 0.055 |
| E/A ratio | 1.33(0.76-1.65) | 1.44(0.99-1.78) | 0.028 |
| DT (ms) | 173.1±28.8 | 172.2±24.3 | 0.816 |
| Sm (cm/sn) | 7.9(7.1-9.2) | 8.1(7.9-8.5) | 0.051 |
| Em (cm/sn) | 9.6(8.2-11.5) | 9.9(8.5-11.7) | 0.299 |
| Am (cm/sn) | 7.3±0.8 | 7.0±0.9 | 0.014 |
| Em/Am ratio | 1.3±0.3 | 1.4±0.3 | 0.012 |
| E/Em ratio | 8.9±2.8 | 8.6±2.5 | 0.380 |
| MPI | 45.5±7.3 | 44.3±7.1 | 0.264 |
| LAVI (ml/m2) | 32.7±6.4 | 23.6±5.6 | <0.001 |
| PALS (%) | 24.5±6.6 | 33.4±8.2 | <0.001 |
| TACT (ms) | 131.7± 23.6 | 113.1±21.3 | <0.001 |
LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; IVST: interventricular septum thickness, LVPWT: left ventricular posterior wall thickness; LV: left ventricular; DT: deceleration time; Sm: tissue Doppler mitral annular systolic velocity; Em: tissue Doppler mitral annular early diastolic velocity; Am: tissue Doppler mitral annular late diastolic velocity; MPI: myocardial performance index; LAVI: left atrial volume index; PALS: peak atrial longitudinal strain; TACT: total atrial conduction time.