Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the Leisure World Cohort Study, 1981–2013
| Characteristic | Men (n = 4,983) |
Women (n = 8,640) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | % | Mean (SD) | % | |
| Age at baseline, years | 74.3 (7.1) | 73.2 (7.4) | ||
| Age at last follow-up, years | 86.0 (7.1) | 88.4 (7.3) | ||
| Duration of follow-up, years | 11.7 (7.6) | 15.2 (8.1) | ||
| Body mass indexa | 24.2 (2.9) | 23.1 (3.5) | ||
| Exercise, hours/day | 1.1 (1.3) | 0.9 (1.1) | ||
| Alcohol, drinks/day | 1.6 (1.5) | 1.2 (1.2) | ||
| Caffeine, mg/day | 176 (172) | 168 (166) | ||
| Vitamin supplement useb | 61 | 68 | ||
| History of disease | ||||
| High blood pressure | 36 | 41 | ||
| Angina | 15 | 9.4 | ||
| Heart attack | 17 | 6.6 | ||
| Stroke | 7.1 | 3.7 | ||
| Cancer | 9.4 | 13 | ||
| Diabetes | 8.3 | 5.0 | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 4.4 | 6.8 | ||
| Cigarette smoking | ||||
| Never smoker | 33 | 55 | ||
| Past smoker | 58 | 33 | ||
| Current smoker | 9 | 12 | ||
| Alive on December 31, 2013 | 2.1 | 4.8 | ||
Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.
a
Weight (kg)/height (m)2.
b
Use of any vitamin supplement.