Table 1.
Baseline demographics, clinical characteristics and measures of kidney function by quartile of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) in the cohort random sample (N = 1218)a
| sRAGE, pg/mL |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quartile 1: 119.4–708.8 (n = 305) | Quartile 2: 708.9–965.2 (n = 305) | Quartile 3: 965.3–1262.6 (n = 304) | Quartile 4: 1262.7–4650.4 (n = 304) | P-valueb | |
| Age, years | 56.6 (5.8) | 56.6 (5.5) | 56.7 (5.8) | 56.5 (5.5) | 0.9 |
| Female | 51.5% (157) | 56.1% (171) | 55.9% (170) | 68.4% (208) | <0.001 |
| Black | 45.3% (138) | 22.0% (67) | 12.2% (37) | 6.6% (20) | <0.001 |
| Diagnosed diabetes | 5.9% (18) | 6.9% (21) | 5.9% (18) | 3.3% (10) | 0.25 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % | 5.9 (1.1) | 5.7 (1.2) | 5.6 (0.9) | 5.5 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, mmol/mol | 41 (12.0) | 39 (13.1) | 38 (9.8) | 37 (8.7) | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 124.6 (17.0) | 120.9 (16.3) | 119.2 (18.2) | 116.7 (18.7) | <0.001 |
| ACE inhibitor medication use | 6.9% (21) | 6.9% (21) | 6.3% (19) | 3.3% (10) | 0.18 |
| History of coronary heart disease | 8.0% (24) | 4.7% (14) | 9.4% (28) | 2.3% (7) | 0.001 |
| Current smoker | 15.4% (47) | 21.3% (65) | 20.4% (62) | 16.1% (49) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 30.2 (5.7) | 28.0 (5.2) | 27.5 (5.0) | 25.8 (4.3) | <0.001 |
| High-density lipoprotein, mg/dLc | 49.8 (16.2) | 49.4 (14.6) | 49.1 (16.5) | 52.8 (16.3) | 0.01 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 5.68 (7.5) | 3.65 (5.6) | 3.51 (5.8) | 2.97 (4.5) | <0.001 |
| β2 Microglobulin, mg/L | 1.83 (0.39) | 1.85 (0.34) | 1.87 (0.35) | 1.91 (0.35) | 0.04 |
| β-Trace protein, mg/L | 0.49 (0.17) | 0.55 (0.34) | 0.58 (0.15) | 0.60 (0.16) | <0.001 |
| Cystatin C, mg/L | 0.84 (0.14) | 0.85 (0.14) | 0.86 (0.15) | 0.87 (0.15) | 0.10 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 99.9 (15.0) | 96.8 (13.0) | 96.1 (14.1) | 95.0 (12.8) | <0.001 |
aMean (standard deviation) or % (n).
bAnalysis of variance for continuous variables, χ2 for categorical variables.
cTo convert high-density lipoprotein from mg/dL to mmol/L, multiply by 0.02586.
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; sRAGE, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products.