Table 2.
Anthropometric and clinical characteristics of the exercise-intervention cohort at baseline and after the 12-week exercise programme
| Characteristic | NGT (n = 20) | IGT (n = 20) | Type 2 diabetes (n = 20) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | After exercise | Baseline | After exercise | Baseline | After exercise | |
| Age, years | 33 ± 11 | 56 ± 12*** | 53 ± 7*** | |||
| Female sex, n (%) | 11 (55) | 11 (55) | 9 (45) | |||
| Weight, kg | 69.6 ± 14.4 | 68.2 ± 13.7‡‡ | 87.6 ± 16.4*** | 84.5 ± 16.2‡‡‡ | 94.7 ± 19.7*** | 93.0 ± 18.2‡‡‡ |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.3 ± 3.2 | 22.8 ± 3.1‡‡ | 29.6 ± 6.0*** | 28.5 ± 5.9‡‡‡ | 32.2 ± 6.0*** | 31.7 ± 5.5‡ |
| Body fat, % | 24.5 ± 3.2 | 23.3 ± 2.7‡‡‡ | 34.9 ± 8.3*** | 31.5 ± 7.5‡‡‡ | 38.2 ± 8.0*** | 35.2 ± 7.7‡‡‡ |
| FPG, mmol/l | 5.2 ± 0.5 | 5.0 ± 0.4 | 5.7 ± 0.6** | 5.5 ± 0.6 | 6.2 ± 0.6***,†† | 5.8 ± 0.5‡‡ |
| 2 h glucose, mmol/l | 6.0 ± 0.8 | 5.6 ± 0.6‡‡ | 9.4 ± 0.9*** | 8.1 ± 1.4‡‡‡ | 13.1 ± 1.5***,††† | 12.6 ± 2.5 |
| Basal insulin, pmol/l | 66 ± 35 | 58 ± 27‡ | 695 ± 493*** | 379 ± 324‡‡‡ | 319 ± 212***,†† | 234 ± 120‡‡ |
| Whole-body glucose uptake, μmol kg−1 min−1 | 76 ± 17 | 85 ± 15‡‡‡ | 19 ± 9*** | 36 ± 16‡‡‡ | 21 ± 9*** | 32 ± 11‡‡‡ |
Data are given as mean ± SD for parametric variables or number (column percentage) for categorical variables
**p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 vs NGT (t test)
†† p < 0.01 and ††† p < 0.001 vs IGT (t test)
‡ p < 0.05, ‡‡ p < 0.01 and ‡‡‡ p < 0.001 vs before exercise (paired t test)