Table 1.
Bacterial species, strain identification (ID), and description of bacteria used to inoculate whole milk and colostrum
| Bacteria | Strain ID | Description1 |
|---|---|---|
| Gram-negative bacteria | ||
| Salmonella Typhimurium | ATCC 14028 | ATCC strain |
| Salmonella Typhimurium | N001 | Resistance to AMPI/KAN/STR/STX/TET |
| Salmonella Typhimurium | MDR001 | Resistance CRO/CHL/NAL/TET/STR |
| Escherichia coli | ATCC 25922 | ATCC strain |
| E. coli | 34405–1 | Resistance to STX/TET/AMPI/STR and EAEC |
| E. coli | 34583–1 | EAEC/EHEC and resistance to CEFT/AMC/STX/TET/AMPI/STR |
| Acinetobacter baumannii | ATCC 19606 | ATCC strain |
| A. baumannii | 4628 | Resistance to AK/AMS |
| A. baumannii | 5076 | Resistance to AK |
| Gram-positive bacteria | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus | ATCC 27708 | ATCC strain |
| Staph. aureus | 5445 | Methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA) |
| Staph. aureus | 5480 | MRSA |
| Streptococcus agalactiae | SAG2 | Resistant to STX |
| Strep. agalactiae | SAG18 | Resistant to STX |
| Listeria innocua | ATCC 33090 | ATCC strain and surrogate for Listeria monocytogenes |
| Mycobacterium smegmatis | mc2155 | Surrogate for Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis |
1
AK = amikacin; AMC, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; AMPI = ampicillin; AMS = ampicillin-sulbactam; ATCC = American Type Culture Collection; CEFT = ceftiofur; CHL = chloramphenicol; CRO = ceftriaxone; EAEC = enteroaggregative E. coli; EHEC = enterohemorrhagic E. coli; KAN = kanamycin; NAL = nalidixic acid; STR = streptomycin; STX = sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim; TET = tetracycline.