Table 3.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
| Criteria | |
|---|---|
| Inclusion | - Aged 20 to 35 |
| - 18.5 kg/m2 ≤body mass index (BMI) <23 kg/m2 | |
| - Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-constitutionally typed as one of the three major types | |
| Exclusion | - History of impaired fasting glucose or diabetes mellitus (past history of diabetes or fasting blood glucose at screening ≥100 mg/dl) |
| - History of liver disease (hepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis) or hepatic dysfunction (AST or ALT at screening ≥40 U/L) | |
| - History of renal dysfunction (creatinine at screening ≥1.2 mg/dl) | |
| - History of heart disease (heart failure, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia) | |
| - History of malignant tumor | |
| - Having digestive disorders that can interfere with normal absorption of standard diet (gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenitis, duodenal ulcer, etc.) | |
| - Smoking during the recent 3 months | |
| - Alcohol consumption three or more times a week during the recent 3 months | |
| - Women who were pregnant, intended to become pregnant, or breast- feeding | |
| - Medicated during the recent month for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes | |
| - Participating in another clinical trial |