Table 1.
Patient and organizational characteristics according to receipt of laparoscopy and nephron-sparing surgery
| Covariate | Laparoscopic Nephrectomy (N=2,090) % |
Open Nephrectomy (N=3,804) % |
P- value |
Partial Nephrectomy (N=1759) % |
Radical Nephrectomy (N=4135) % |
P- value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis | ||||||
| 65–69 | 24 | 24 | 0.045 | 29 | 22 | <0.001 |
| 70–74 | 27 | 30 | 32 | 27 | ||
| 75–79 | 28 | 28 | 26 | 28 | ||
| 80+ | 21 | 19 | 12 | 23 | ||
| Female | 45 | 44 | 0.209 | 41 | 46 | <0.001 |
| Race | ||||||
| Caucasian American | 89 | 89 | 0.469 | 88 | 89 | 0.214 |
| African American | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | ||
| Others | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | ||
| Married | 62 | 62 | 0.920 | 65 | 60 | <0.001 |
| Dual eligibility for Medicare/Medicaid | 12 | 14 | 0.017 | 13 | 13 | 0.569 |
| Non-high school graduate | ||||||
| Bottom Quartile | 29 | 24 | <0.001 | 29 | 24 | 0.002 |
| 2nd Quartile | 26 | 25 | 26 | 25 | ||
| 3rd Quartile | 24 | 25 | 24 | 25 | ||
| Top Quartile | 21 | 26 | 22 | 25 | ||
| Tumor Grade | ||||||
| Well differentiated | 17 | 17 | <0.001 | 19 | 16 | <0.001 |
| Moderately differentiated | 44 | 41 | 42 | 42 | ||
| Poorly differentiated / Undifferentiated | 19 | 16 | 14 | 18 | ||
| Unknown | 20 | 26 | 25 | 23 | ||
| Comorbidity Score ≥ 1 | 54 | 58 | 0.003 | 55 | 57 | 0.306 |
| Year of diagnosis | ||||||
| 2000 | 2 | 14 | <0.001 | 7 | 11 | <0.001 |
| 2001 | 4 | 14 | 8 | 12 | ||
| 2002 | 8 | 14 | 10 | 13 | ||
| 2003 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 13 | ||
| 2004 | 16 | 13 | 16 | 14 | ||
| 2005 | 18 | 11 | 15 | 13 | ||
| 2006 | 19 | 10 | 16 | 12 | ||
| 2007 | 21 | 10 | 16 | 13 | ||
| SEER Region | ||||||
| San Francisco | 4 | 3 | <0.001 | 4 | 3 | <0.001 |
| Connecticut | 9 | 6 | 7 | 7 | ||
| Detroit | 10 | 7 | 8 | 8 | ||
| Hawaii | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Iowa | 6 | 8 | 7 | 8 | ||
| New Mexico | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | ||
| Seattle | 6 | 4 | 5 | 4 | ||
| Utah | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | ||
| Atlanta and Rural Georgia | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||
| San Jose | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||
| Los Angeles | 7 | 7 | 8 | 6 | ||
| Greater California | 16 | 16 | 14 | 16 | ||
| Kentucky | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | ||
| Louisiana | 8 | 8 | 7 | 8 | ||
| New Jersey | 17 | 20 | 21 | 18 | ||
| CCOP affiliation | 27 | 27 | 0.827 | 26 | 27 | 0.656 |
| Cooperative Group | 84 | 74 | <0.001 | 84 | 75 | <0.001 |
| NCI-designated Cancer Center | 13 | 8 | <0.001 | 19 | 6 | <0.001 |
| Community Hospital | 50 | 61 | <0.001 | 45 | 63 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: SEER – Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; CCOP – Community Clinical Oncology Program; NCI – National Cancer Institute.