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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Mar 10.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Mar 10;65(9):867–875. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.12.026

FIGURE 1. Study Protocol.

FIGURE 1

(A) Following the first induction of atrial fibrillation (AF) the groups underwent low-level electrical stimulation of the auricular branch of the right vagus nerve at the tragus (LLTS) or a sham procedure for 1 hour, followed by a second round of AF induction (B) To achieve electrical stimulation, a flat metal clip was attached to the right tragus (dashed circle), which served as the cathode. Another clip on the ear lobe served as the anode.